Hessian是一个轻量级的remoting on http工具,使用简单的方法提供了RMI(Remote Method Invocation,远程方法调用)的功能。采用的是二进制RPC(Remote Procedure Call Protocol,远程过程调用协议)协议,因为采用的是二进制协议,所以它很适合于发送二进制数据。
在进行基于Hessian的项目开发时,应当注意以下几点:
·包含Hessian的jar包。
·设计一个接口,用来给客户端调用。
·实现该接口的功能。
·配置web.xml,配好相应的servlet。
·对象必须实现Serializable 接口。
·对于复杂对像可以使用Map的方法传递。
▲客户端必须具备以下几点:
·java客户端包含Hessian.jar的包。
·具有和服务器端结构一样的接口。
·利用HessianProxyFactory调用远程接口。
下面是一个hessian的简单例子
场景1:服务端 客户端都不使用spring
Java服务器端:
环境:j2sdk1.4.2、Tomcat6.0
依赖的包:hessian-3.1.6.jar
新建一个名为HessianServer的web project。将hessian-3.2.0.jar放入WEB-INF/lib文件夹中。
创建接口
package
com.mooing.hessian;
public interface
DemoApi {
public void
setName(String name);
public
String sayHello();
public
User getUser();
}
实现接口
package
com.mooing.hessian;
public class
DemoService
implements
DemoApi{
private
String name;
@Override
public void
setName(String name) {
this
.name=name;
}
@Override
public
String sayHello() {
System.
out
.println("hello,world!");
return
"hello:"+name;
}
@Override
public
User getUser() {
return new
User("ming","m123");
}
}
创建User,注意实现序列化
package
com.mooing.hessian;
import
java.io.Serializable;
public class
User
implements
Serializable {
private static final long
serialVersionUID
= 1L;
private
String name = "kitty";
private
String psw = "nopww";
public
User() {
}
public
User(String name, String psw) {
super
();
this
.name = name;
this
.psw = psw;
}
public
String getName() {
return
name;
}
public void
setName(String name) {
this
.name = name;
}
public
String getPsw() {
return
psw;
}
public void
setPsw(String psw) {
this
.psw = psw;
}
}
配置web.xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>hessian</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.caucho.hessian.server.HessianServle
t
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>service-class</param-name>
<param-value>com.mooing.hessian.DemoService</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>hessian</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/helloworld</url-pattern> <!-- 访问地址关键字 -->
</servlet-mapping>
客户端代码
注意如果新建客户端工程,需引入上述jar,还需要服务端导出DemoService和User两个类的jar,放入lib。或创建两个一摸一样的类。
package
com.mooing.hessian;
import
com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
public class
HessianClient {
public static void
main(String[] args)
throws
MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/helloworld";
HessianProxyFactory pf =
new
HessianProxyFactory();
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
da.setName("test");
System.
out
.println(da.sayHello());
System.
out
.println(da.getUser());
}
}
tomcat启动服务端,运行客户端,结果如下
hello:test
ming
m123
场景2:服务端 客户端都使用spring(在上述基础上)
依赖的包:
1. Hessian包:hessian-3.1.6.jar
a) aopalliance.jar
b) commons-logging.jar
c) log4j-1.2.14.jar
d) spring.jar
e) spring-aop.jar
f) spring-beans.jar
g) spring-context.jar
h) spring-core.jar
i) spring-jdbc.jar
j) spring-jms.jar
k) spring-web.jar
l) spring-webmvc.jar
配置web.xml,web.xml中增加:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>remote</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>namespace</param-name>
<param-value>classes/remote-servlet</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>remote</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/remote/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
以下是remote-servlet.xml的内容:
<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<beans xmlns=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"
>
<!--
注入内部实现接口
-->
<bean id=
"demoService"
class=
"com.mooing.hessian.DemoService"
/>
<!-- 注入hessian发布接口 name为调用名称-->
<bean name=
"/helloDemo"
class=
"org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianServiceExporter"
>
<!-- 关联接口实现 -->
<property name=
"service"
ref=
"demoService"
/>
<!-- 关联接口 -->
<property name=
"serviceInterface"
value=
"com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi"
/>
</bean>
</beans>
1) 如果客户端不使用spring,客户端代码如下
import
com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
import
com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi;
public class
ClientSpring {
public static void
main(String[] args)
throws
MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo";
HessianProxyFactory pf =
new
HessianProxyFactory();
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
da.setName("test");
System.
out
.println(da.sayHello());
System.
out
.println(da.getUser());
}
}
2) 如果客户端使用spring,需要导入上述jar,在客户端工程src目录下,新建一个remote-hessian.xml,这个文件可随意命名,内容为:
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id=
"helloDemo"
class=
"org.springframework.remoting.caucho.HessianProxyFactoryBean"
>
<property name=
"serviceUrl"
>
<value>
http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo
</value>
</property>
<property name=
"serviceInterface"
>
<value>com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
客户端代码
import
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import
com.caucho.hessian.client.HessianProxyFactory;
import
com.mooing.hessian.DemoApi;
public class
ClientSpring {
public static void
main(String[] args)
throws
MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
// String url = "http://localhost:8080/jms1/remote/helloDemo";
// HessianProxyFactory pf = new HessianProxyFactory();
// DemoApi da = (DemoApi) pf.create(url);
// da.setName("test");
// System.out.println(da.sayHello());
// System.out.println(da.getUser());
ApplicationContext context =
new
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("remote-hessian.xml");
DemoApi da = (DemoApi) context.getBean("helloDemo");
da.setName("test spring");
System.
out
.println(da.sayHello());
System.
out
.println(da.getUser());
}
}