1.数组
-
在开始之前,首先复习下数组名的意义:
(1).数组名单独放在sizeof内部,sizeof(数组名),这里的数组名表示整个数组,计算的是整个数组的大小;
(2).&数组名,这里的数组名表示整个数组,取出的是整个数组的地址;
(3).除以上两种情况下的数组名都表示首元素的地址。 -
strlen是求字符串长度的库函数,统计的是\0前的字符个数,一定要找到\0为止,可能存在越界访问
-
此外,地址的大小在32位机器上是4个字节,在64位机器上是8个字节。
1.1一维数组
int a[] = {1,2,3,4};
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a+0));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a+1));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[1]));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*&a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a+1));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a[0]));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a[0]+1));
分析
答案
1.2字符数组
char arr[] = {'a','b','c','d','e','f'};
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr+0));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr[1]));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr+1));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr[0]+1));
分析
答案
char arr[] = {'a','b','c','d','e','f'};
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr+0));
printf("%d\n", strlen(*arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr[1]));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr+1));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr[0]+1));
分析
答案
char arr[] = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr+0));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(arr[1]));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr+1));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&arr[0]+1));
分析
答案
char arr[] = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr+0));
printf("%d\n", strlen(*arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(arr[1]));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr+1));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&arr[0]+1));
分析
答案
char *p = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p+1));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(*p));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(p[0]));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p+1));
printf("%d\n", sizeof(&p[0]+1));
分析
答案
char *p = "abcdef";
printf("%d\n", strlen(p));
printf("%d\n", strlen(p+1));
printf("%d\n", strlen(*p));
printf("%d\n", strlen(p[0]));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p+1));
printf("%d\n", strlen(&p[0]+1));
分析
答案
1.3二维数组
在学习二维数组前,我们必须了解的知识:
- 数组名表示第一行的地址;
- 二维数组可以看成元素为一维数组的一维数组,例如int a[ 3 ] [ 4 ],可以看成有3个元素、每个元素的类型是int[4]的一维数组,其中a[0]和a[1]和a[2]可以看成一个整体,每个一维数组的数组名,int a[0][i]和int a[1][i]和int a[2][i]。
int a[3][4] = {0};
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[0][0]));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[0]));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[0]+1));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*(a[0]+1)));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a+1));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*(a+1)));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(&a[0]+1));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*(&a[0]+1)));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(*a));
printf("%d\n",sizeof(a[3]));
分析
答案
2.指针
int main()
{
int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
int *ptr = (int *)(&a + 1);
printf( "%d,%d", *(a + 1), *(ptr - 1));
return 0;
}
答案2,5
分析
struct Test
{
int Num;
char *pcName;
short sDate;
char cha[2];
short sBa[4];
}*p;
//假设p 的值为0x100000。 如下表表达式的值分别为多少?
//已知,结构体Test类型的变量大小是20个字节
int main()
{
p = 0x100000;
printf("%p\n", p + 0x1);
printf("%p\n", (unsigned long)p + 0x1);
printf("%p\n", (unsigned int*)p + 0x1);
return 0;
}
答案
00100014
00100001
00100004
分析
int main()
{
int a[4] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
int *ptr1 = (int *)(&a + 1);
int *ptr2 = (int *)((int)a + 1);
printf( "%x,%x", ptr1[-1], *ptr2);
return 0;
}
答案
0x02000000,0x4
分析
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[3][2] = { (0, 1), (2, 3), (4, 5) };
int *p;
p = a[0];
printf( "%d", p[0]);
return 0;
}
答案
1
分析
int main()
{
int a[5][5];
int(*p)[4];
p = a;
printf( "%p,%d\n", &p[4][2] - &a[4][2], &p[4][2] - &a[4][2]);
return 0;
}
答案
0xFFFFFFFC,-4
分析
int main()
{
int aa[2][5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
int *ptr1 = (int *)(&aa + 1);
int *ptr2 = (int *)(*(aa + 1));
printf( "%d,%d", *(ptr1 - 1), *(ptr2 - 1));
return 0;
}
答案
10,5
分析
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char *a[] = {"work","at","alibaba"};
char**pa = a;
pa++;
printf("%s\n", *pa);
return 0;
}
答案
at
分析
int main()
{
char *c[] = {"ENTER","NEW","POINT","FIRST"};
char**cp[] = {c+3,c+2,c+1,c};
char***cpp = cp;
printf("%s\n", **++cpp);
printf("%s\n", *--*++cpp+3);
printf("%s\n", *cpp[-2]+3);
printf("%s\n", cpp[-1][-1]+1);
return 0;
}
答案
POINT
ER
ST
EW
分析