Java 汉字转拼音（全拼与简拼）的方法

最近在项目中遇到了要将火车站名转换为全拼与简拼，在网上找了几种方法，又在大神同事的帮忙下，找到了一种比较好的方法，在此分享给有需要的朋友。

一、依赖导入

gradle导入：

    compile 'com.belerweb:pinyin4j:2.5.0'

maven导入：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
    <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>

二、txt文件

点击查看txt文件内容

复制粘贴为duoyinzi_pinyin.txt文件，放在项目的resources目录下

三、工具类

public class PinyinUtils {
    
    public static Map<String, String> dictionary = new HashMap<>();
    
    //加载多音字词典
    static {
        
        ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("duoyinzi_pinyin.txt");
        try (BufferedReader br = resource.getReader(Charset.forName("UTF-8"))) {
            String line;
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                String[] arr = line.split("#");
                if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(arr[1])) {
                    String[] sems = arr[1].split(" ");
                    for (String sem : sems) {
                        if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(sem)) {
                            dictionary.put(sem, arr[0]);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new ServiceException("读取文件失败，reader close 失败");
        }
        
    }
    
    public static String[] chineseToPinYin(char chineseCharacter) throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination {
        HanyuPinyinOutputFormat outputFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
        outputFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
        outputFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
        outputFormat.setVCharType(HanyuPinyinVCharType.WITH_V);
        
        if (chineseCharacter >= 32 && chineseCharacter <= 125) {    //ASCII >=33 ASCII<=125的直接返回 ,ASCII码表：http://www.asciitable.com/
            return new String[]{String.valueOf(chineseCharacter)};
        }
        
        return PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(chineseCharacter, outputFormat);
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取汉字拼音的全拼
     *
     * @param chineseCharacter 需要转换的文字
     * @return 转换完成的全拼
     * @throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination
     */
    public static String chineseToPinYinF(String chineseCharacter) throws BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(chineseCharacter)) {
            return null;
        }
        
        char[] chs = chineseCharacter.toCharArray();
        
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < chs.length; i++) {
            String[] arr = chineseToPinYin(chs[i]);
            if (arr == null) {
                result.append("");
            } else if (arr.length == 1) {
                result.append(arr[0]);
            } else if (arr[0].equals(arr[1])) {
                result.append(arr[0]);
            } else {
                
                String prim = chineseCharacter.substring(i, i + 1);
                String lst = null, rst = null;
                
                if (i <= chineseCharacter.length() - 2) {
                    rst = chineseCharacter.substring(i, i + 2);
                }
                if (i >= 1 && i + 1 <= chineseCharacter.length()) {
                    lst = chineseCharacter.substring(i - 1, i + 1);
                }
                
                String answer = null;
                for (String py : arr) {
                    
                    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(py)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    
                    if ((lst != null && py.equals(dictionary.get(lst))) ||
                            (rst != null && py.equals(dictionary.get(rst)))) {
                        answer = py;
                        break;
                    }
                    
                    if (py.equals(dictionary.get(prim))) {
                        answer = py;
                    }
                }
                if (answer != null) {
                    result.append(answer);
                }
            }
        }
        
        return result.toString().toLowerCase();
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取简拼
     *
     * @param chineseCharacter 需要转换的汉字
     * @return 转换后的简拼
     */
    public static String chineseToPinYinS(String chineseCharacter) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(chineseCharacter)) {
            return null;
        }
        
        char[] chs = chineseCharacter.toCharArray();
        
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < chs.length; i++) {
            String[] arr = new String[0];
            try {
                arr = chineseToPinYin(chs[i]);
            } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination) {
                badHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (arr == null) {
                result.append("");
            } else if (arr.length == 1) {
                result.append(arr[0].charAt(0));
            } else if (arr[0].equals(arr[1])) {
                result.append(arr[0].charAt(0));
            } else {
                
                String prim = chineseCharacter.substring(i, i + 1);
                
                String lst = null, rst = null;
                
                if (i <= chineseCharacter.length() - 2) {
                    rst = chineseCharacter.substring(i, i + 2);
                }
                if (i >= 1 && i + 1 <= chineseCharacter.length()) {
                    lst = chineseCharacter.substring(i - 1, i + 1);
                }
                
                String answer = null;
                for (String py : arr) {
                    
                    if (StringUtils.isEmpty(py)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    
                    if ((lst != null && py.equals(dictionary.get(lst))) ||
                            (rst != null && py.equals(dictionary.get(rst)))) {
                        answer = py;
                        break;
                    }
                    
                    if (py.equals(dictionary.get(prim))) {
                        answer = py;
                    }
                }
                if (answer != null) {
                    result.append(answer.charAt(0));
                }
            }
        }
        return result.toString().toUpperCase();
    }
}

四、使用

直接调用即可