标题 用ssm做一个简单的增删改查(maven项目)
做这个案例之前,首先确保了解ssm的基本内容和有一定的基本功底
做一个简单的ssm步骤:
1.项目结构
2.maven-pom.xml文件中的配置,导入基本的jar包
3.java部分(业务逻辑代码)
4.web部分(jsp)以及核心文件的配置,关联
1. 项目结构
这里注意,java当中的UserMapper位置和resources中的UserMapper.xml文件的包名要一致,(在配置的时候有个扫描,必须是对应名称的mapper文件所在包名要一致,同时一定要注意,UserMapper.xml的包名在创建的时候,不能写成"com.pro.dao",要写成"com/pro/dao",或者分开建立三次(先创建一个com,再在com的基础上创建pro,再创建dao))
2. 构建该项目所需要的jar包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>ssm3</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm3</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!--因为是web项目,当然需要对应的web jar包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--因为用到了springmvc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--这个包用于加上注解的-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--jsp页面所需要的三个jar包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--面向切面编程aop的jar-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--事务管理器-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.39</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据源-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志-->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
配置好这些基本jar包,我们就可以开始做这个项目了,要记得,如果基本的jar包缺少,那么ssm框架就写不下去
3.java业务逻辑部分:
domain层:
package com.pro.domain;
public class User {
private int userId;
private String userName;
private String password;
public int getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(int userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
dao层:写mapper的方法(接口)@Repository:对应数据访问层Bean(代替Bean)
也就是标识Bean层
package com.pro.dao;
import com.pro.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.util.List;
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
public void insert(User user);
public void update(User user);
public void delete(int userId);
public User getUesr(int userId);
public List<User> getUsers();
}
Service层(包含实现类)
package com.pro.service;
import com.pro.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserService {
public void insert(User user);
public void update(User user);
public void delete(int userId);
public User getUesr(int userId);
public List<User> getUsers();
}
Service实现类:@Service适用于标识服务器组件
@Autowired用于构造函数,相当于给标识的对象构造一个get和set方法
package com.pro.service;
import com.pro.dao.UserMapper;
import com.pro.domain.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public void insert(User user) {
userMapper.insert(user);
}
public void update(User user) {
userMapper.update(user);
}
public void delete(int userId) {
userMapper.delete(userId);
}
public User getUesr(int userId) {
return userMapper.getUesr(userId);
}
public List<User> getUsers() {
return userMapper.getUsers();
}
}
UserMapper.xml:相当于UserMapper接口的实现类,这里定义具体的sql语句
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--关联UserMapper接口 ,下面的id要和接口中对应的方法名称一致,实现一对一的对应-->
<mapper namespace="com.pro.dao.UserMapper">
<insert id="insert" parameterType="user">
insert into user(userName,password) values (#{userName},#{password})
</insert>
<update id="update" parameterType="user">
update user set userName=#{userName},password=#{password} where userId=#{userId}
</update>
<delete id="delete" parameterType="int">
delete from user where userId=#{userId}
</delete>
<select id="getUesr" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
select * from user where userId=#{userId}
</select>
<select id="getUsers" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
控制Controller层:(),需要用@Controller来标识,代表这是控制层,同理,对业务层UserService用@Autowired注释,生成其get,set方法
package com.pro.controller;
import com.pro.domain.User;
import com.pro.service.UserService;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/toList")
public String toList(Model model) {
model.addAttribute("userList", userService.getUsers());
return "user/users";
}
@RequestMapping("/toMain")
public String toMain() {
return "main";
}
@RequestMapping("/toAdd")
public String toAdd() {
return "user/add";
}
@PostMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user) {
userService.insert(user);
return "redirect:/toList";
}
@GetMapping("/deleteUser/{userId}")
public String deleteUser(@PathVariable("userId")int userId) {
userService.delete(userId);
return "redirect:/toList";
}
@GetMapping("/toUpdate/{userId}")
public String toUpdate(@PathVariable("userId")int userId,Model model){
model.addAttribute("user",userService.getUesr(userId));
return "user/update";
}
@PostMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user){
userService.update(user);
return "redirect:/toList";
}
}
4.Web层:
首先是web.xml文件的配置,在这里关联了spring文件以及springmvc文件,因为在tomcat启动的时候,首先会加载web.xml文件,当然需要在这里关联spring文件和springmvc文件,从而形成ssm框架,(mybatis的配置在spring文件中配置了)
怎么配置?
spring文件:applicationContext.xml: 通过监听器 ContextLoaderListener
springmvc文件:springmvc-config.xml :通过DispatcherServlet
web.xml:
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
version="2.5">
<!--关联spring文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--关联springmvc文件-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--处理jsp页面上的中文乱码-->
<filter>
<filter-name>filter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>filter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
spring核心文件:applicationContext.xml的配置:
一定要注意头文件,不能缺少tx,aop,context的相关配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--扫描com.pro下的所有注解,exclude-filter:除了Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.pro">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!--关联jdbc文件,这里关联了数据库的配置-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--配置数据源,这里用了c3p0,也可以用其他数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot"/>
<property name="user" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="000000"/>
</bean>
<!--配置session工厂,代理 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--定义别名,这样的话,UserMapper.xml文件当中的返回类型就可以写user,
否则需要些写全名称:com.pro.domain.User-->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.pro.domain"/>
<!--<property name="mapperLocations" value="com/pro/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>-->
</bean>
<!--Mapper扫描器,扫描resources下的UserMapper.xml文件-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.pro.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--事务管理器的配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--切面配置-->
<aop:config>
<!--execution(* com.pro.service..*.*(..))代表service下的任意一个方法下的任意参数-->
<aop:pointcut id="all" expression="execution(* com.pro.service..*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="adv" pointcut-ref="all"/>
</aop:config>
<tx:advice transaction-manager="transactionManager" id="adv">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>
springmvc核心文件:springmvc-config.xml的配置:
主要配置视图解析器,以及扫描Controller
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.pro.controller"/>
<!--配置视图解析器,因为controller中会返回一个地址,而这些url地址的前缀后缀,都在这里配置了
这样返回的时候就不需要返回一个users.jsp,返回一个users就行了-->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
<!--前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
</bean>
<!--静态资源的访问,如果要用bootstrap,图片这些静态资源,需要配置!
否则不能引用!-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/js/"/>
</beans>
这里可能有些人会觉得疑惑:为什么在spring文件applicationContext.xml中不扫描Controller,而在springmvc中扫描呢?
原因:
我们首先配置的是Spring,然后是springmvc前端控制器的核心文件
在配置完DispatchServlet后,Spring容器中会创建一个新的容器,而Spring作为父容器,springmvc作为子容器,如果说在Service中扫描了Controller,就会出现这种情况:
如果这样,那么从图中可以得到,springmvc中没有对象,那么没有对象,就没有Controller,所以加载处理器适配器的时候就找不到映射对象,映射关系,因此页面上会报出404的错误
最后一个配置文件:jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xxx
jdbc.username=你的数据库账号
jdbc.password=你的数据库密码
我们知道一般来说idea中,tomcat启动的时候,默认打开index页面
index页面:
重定向至main.jsp页面:对应的Controller方法:
@RequestMapping("/toMain")
public String toMain() {
return "main";
}
**users页面:**用到了jstl,循环打印一个userList中的user,(引用了bootstrap)
效果图:
修改页面:
Controller中相关代码:
//去修改页面,同时传入一个userId,因为进入修改页面,要在原来的数据上修改,
//所以还要有一个查询的操作
@GetMapping("/toUpdate/{userId}")
//通过@PathVariable注解获得页面中name为userId的值
public String toUpdate(@PathVariable("userId")int userId,Model model){
model.addAttribute("user",userService.getUesr(userId));
return "user/update";
}
//修改操作
@PostMapping("/updateUser")
public String updateUser(User user){
userService.update(user);
//重定向,获得修改后的userList,并打印当前页面
return "redirect:/toList";
}
删除操作:
@GetMapping("/deleteUser/{userId}")
public String deleteUser(@PathVariable("userId")int userId) {
userService.delete(userId);
return "redirect:/toList";
}
添加页面:
@RequestMapping("/toAdd")
public String toAdd() {
return "user/add";
}
@PostMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(User user) {
userService.insert(user);
return "redirect:/toList";
}
做到这里,就可以做一个简单的增删改查案例了!
补充:
最后,感谢大家能看完我写的这么长的文章,如果有什么意见,希望提出来,我会积极改善!如果有什么不懂的地方,我会尽可能的为你解决!