[Android]如何导入已有的外部数据库

我们平时见到的android数据库操作一般都是在程序开始时创建一个空的数据库，然后再进行相关操作。如果我们需要使用一个已有数据的数据库怎么办呢？
我们都知道android系统下数据库应该存放在/data/data/com.*.*(package name)/ 目录下，所以我们需要做的是把已有的数据库传入那个目录下。操作方法是用FileInputStream读取原数据库，再用FileOutputStream把读取到的东西写入到那个目录。
操作方法：1. 把原数据库包括在项目源码的 res/raw 目录下，然后建立一个DBManager类，代码如下：

package com.android.ImportDatabase;

 

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

 

import android.content.Context;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import android.os.Environment;

import android.util.Log;

 

public class DBManager {

    private final int BUFFER_SIZE = 400000;

    public staticfinal String DB_NAME = "countries.db"; //保存的数据库文件名

    public staticfinal String PACKAGE_NAME = "com.android.ImportDatabase";

    public staticfinal String DB_PATH = "/data"

            +Environment.getDataDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/"

            +PACKAGE_NAME;  //在手机里存放数据库的位置

 

    privateSQLiteDatabase database;

    private Contextcontext;

 

   DBManager(Context context) {

       this.context = context;

    }

 

    public voidopenDatabase() {

       this.database = this.openDatabase(DB_PATH + "/" + DB_NAME);

    }

 

    privateSQLiteDatabase openDatabase(String dbfile) {

        try {

            if(!(new File(dbfile).exists())) {　　//判断数据库文件是否存在，若不存在则执行导入，否则直接打开数据库

               InputStream is = this.context.getResources().openRawResource(

                       R.raw.countries); //欲导入的数据库

               FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(dbfile);

               byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];

                intcount = 0;

               while ((count = is.read(buffer)) > 0) {

                   fos.write(buffer, 0, count);

                }

               fos.close();

               is.close();

            }

           SQLiteDatabase db = SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(dbfile,

                   null);

            returndb;

        } catch(FileNotFoundException e) {

           Log.e("Database", "File not found");

           e.printStackTrace();

        } catch(IOException e) {

           Log.e("Database", "IO exception");

           e.printStackTrace();

        }

        returnnull;

    }

　　　//do something else here<BR>

public void closeDatabase() {

       this.database.close();

    }

}

然后在程序的首个Activity中示例化一个DBManager对象，然后对其执行openDatabase方法就可以完成导入了，可以把一些要对数据库进行的操作写在DBManager类里，然后通过DBManager类的对象调用；也可以在完成导入之后通过一个SQliteDatabase类的对象打开数据库，并执行操作。

我的做法是 在程序的首个Activity中导入数据库：

package com.android.ImportDatabase;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

 

public class RootView extends Activity {

 

    publicDBManager dbHelper;

@Override

    public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

 

       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

       setContentView(R.layout.main);

 

        dbHelper =new DBManager(this);

       dbHelper.openDatabase();

       dbHelper.closeDatabase();

 

    }

}

此时在DDMS中可以查看到，外部数据库已经成功导入

在需要使用数据库的类里：

package com.android.ImportDatabase;

 

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import android.os.Bundle;

 

public class TaxiActivity extends Activity {

 

    privateSQLiteDatabase database;

       ArrayList<CityClass> CITY;

 

    @Override

    public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

 

       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

       setContentView(R.layout.main);

         

        database =SQLiteDatabase.openOrCreateDatabase(DBManager.DB_PATH + "/" +DBManager.DB_NAME, null);

 

        CITY =getCity();

         

        // dosomething with CITY

 

       database.close();

    }

 

    privateArrayList<CityClass> getCity() {

         

        Cursor cur= database.rawQuery("SELECT city.id_city, city.name FROM taxi, city WHEREcity.id_city = taxi.id_city GROUP BY city.id_city", null);

         

        if (cur !=null) {

            intNUM_CITY = cur.getCount();

           ArrayList<CityClass> taxicity = newArrayList<CityClass>(NUM_CITY);

            if(cur.moveToFirst()) {

                do{

                   String name = cur.getString(cur.getColumnIndex("name"));

                   int id = cur.getInt(cur.getColumnIndex("id_city"));

                   CityClass city = new CityClass("", 0);

                   System.out.println(name);  //额外添加一句，把select到的信息输出到Logcat

                   city.city_name = name;

                   city.city_id = id;

                   taxicity.add(city);

                }while (cur.moveToNext());

            }

            returntaxicity;

        } else {

            returnnull;

        }

    }

}

查看输出结果

 

转自http://hi.baidu.com/hackertimes/item/ad2e771c2b7351ea9913d67d