代码理解Scala的模式匹配

Scala的模式匹配---结合代码理解

object Test extends App{

 /**
    * 关于匹配模式  一个包罗万象的例子
    */
case class Person(firstName: String, lastName: String)
case class Dog(name: String)


    def echoWhatYouGaveMe(x: Any): String = x match {
      // constant patterns
      case 0 => "zero"
      case true => "true"
      case "hello" => "you said 'hello'"
      case Nil => "an empty List"
      // sequence patterns
      case List(0, _, _) => "a three-element list with 0 as the first element"
      case List(1, _*) => "a list beginning with 1, having any number of elements"
      case Vector(1, _*) => "a vector starting with 1, having any number of elements"
      // tuples
      case (a, b) => s"got $a and $b"
      case (a, b, c) => s"got $a, $b, and $c"
      // constructor patterns
      case Person(first, "Alexander") => s"found an Alexander, first name = $first"
      case Dog("Suka") => "found a dog named Suka"
      // typed patterns
      case s: String => s"you gave me this string: $s"
      case i: Int => s"thanks for the int: $i"
      case f: Float => s"thanks for the float: $f"
      case a: Array[Int] => s"an array of int: ${a.mkString(",")}"
      case as: Array[String] => s"an array of strings: ${as.mkString(",")}"
      case d: Dog => s"dog: ${d.name}"
      case list: List[_] => s"thanks for the List: $list"
      case m: Map[_, _] => m.toString
      // the default wildcard pattern
      case _ => "Unknown"
    }

      // trigger the constant patterns
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(0))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(true))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe("hello"))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Nil))
      // trigger the sequence patterns
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(List(0,1,2)))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(List(1,2)))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(List(1,2,3)))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Vector(1,2,3)))
      // trigger the tuple patterns
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe((1,2))) // two element tuple
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe((1,2,3))) // three element tuple
      // trigger the constructor patterns
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Person("Melissa", "Alexander")))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Dog("Suka")))
      // trigger the typed patterns
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe("Hello, world"))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(42))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(42F))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Array(1,2,3)))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Array("coffee", "apple pie")))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Dog("Fido")))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(List("apple", "banana")))
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe(Map(1->"Al", 2->"Alexander")))
      // trigger the wildcard pattern
      println(echoWhatYouGaveMe("33d"))
}

github： https://github.com/ZzzzZzreal/ScalaDemo/blob/master/src/main/scala/Day02/Demo.scala