Pthread 线程 —— 多线程同步 条件变量(cond)

条件变量(cond)

　　条件变量特别适用于多个线程等待某个条件的发生。如果不使用条件变量，那么每个线程就需要不断尝试获得互斥锁并检查条件是否发生，这样大大浪费了系统的资源。

初始化条件变量

静态态初始化

pthread\_cond\_t cond = PTHREAD\_COND\_INITIALIER;

动态初始化

int pthread\_cond\_init(pthread\_cond\_t *cond, pthread\_condattr\_t *cond\_attr);

等待条件成立

　　释放锁，同时阻塞等待条件变量为真才行。timewait()设置等待时间,仍未signal,返回ETIMEOUT(加锁保证只有一个线程wait)

int pthread\_cond\_wait(pthread\_cond\_t *cond, pthread\_mutex\_t *mutex);
int pthread\_cond\_timewait(pthread\_cond\_t *cond,pthread\_mutex *mutex,const timespec *abstime);

激活条件变量

pthread\_cond\_signal,pthread\_cond\_broadcast（激活所有等待线程）
int pthread\_cond\_signal(pthread\_cond\_t *cond);
int pthread\_cond\_broadcast(pthread\_cond\_t *cond); //解除所有线程的阻塞

清除条件变量

　　无线程等待,否则返回EBUSY

int pthread\_cond\_destroy(pthread\_cond\_t *cond);

#include <stdio.h>  
#include <pthread.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <unistd.h>

pthread_mutex_t mutex;  
pthread_cond_t cond;  
void hander(void *arg)  
{  
    free(arg);  
    (void)pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);  
}  

void *thread1(void *arg)  
{  
    pthread_cleanup_push(hander, &mutex);  
    while(1)  
    {  
        printf("thread1 is running\n");  
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);  
        pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);  
        printf("thread1 applied the condition\n");  
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);  
        sleep(4);  
    }  
    pthread_cleanup_pop(0);  
} 

void *thread2(void *arg)  
{  
    while(1)  
    {  
        printf("thread2 is running\n");  
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);  
        pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);  
        printf("thread2 applied the condition\n");  
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);  
        sleep(1);  
    }  
} 

int main()  
{  
    pthread_t thid1,thid2;  
    printf("condition variable study!\n");  
    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);  
    pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);  
    pthread_create(&thid1, NULL, thread1, NULL);  
    pthread_create(&thid2, NULL, thread2, NULL);  
    sleep(1);  
    do  
    {  
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
    }while(1);  
    sleep(20);  
    pthread_exit(0);  
    return 0;  
}