Mac上Hive环境搭建

本文介绍在Mac上搭建Hive环境。
建议首先配置好Hadoop，搭建与配置可以参考我之前的博文Mac Hadoop的安装与配置。
当然你也可以选择使用Docker搭建环境，本文不作介绍。

安装

对于MacOs，推荐使用HomeBrew安装hive，一步到位。

$ brew install hive

创建元数据库

Hive默认用derby作为元数据库。这里我们用mysql来存储元数据，下面作一些初始化

mysql> create database metastore;
mysql> create user 'hive'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
mysql> grant select,insert,update,delete,alter,create,index,references on metastore.* to 'hive'@'localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;

创建并修改配置

进入Hive的安装目录,创建hive-site.xml文件。（下面命令中hive路径替换为自己实际安装的路径即可）

$ cd /usr/local/Cellar/hive/2.1.1/libexec/conf
$ cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml

在配置文件中找到以下几个property修改value

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
  <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/metastore</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
  <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
  <value>hive(填上述mysql中创建的用户名)</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
  <value>123456(填上述mysql中创建的用户密码)</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
  <value>/tmp/hive</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
  <value>/tmp/hive</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
  <value>/tmp/hive</value>
</property>

<property>
  <name>hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location</name>
  <value>/tmp/hive</value>
</property>

拷贝mysql-connector到hive

给Hive的lib目录下拷贝一个mysql-connector

$ curl -L 'http://www.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-J/mysql-connector-java-5.1.42.tar.gz/from/http://mysql.he.net/' | tar xz
$ cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.42/mysql-connector-java-5.1.42-bin.jar /usr/local/Cellar/hive/2.1.1/libexec/lib/

初始化库

初始化一下metastore库

$ schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql

成功之后我们可以看到hive用usr/local/Cellar/hive/2.1.1/libexec/scripts/metastore/upgrade/mysql/hive-schema-2.1.0.mysql.sql的初始化sql脚本在我们配置的元数据库中初始化好了如下表：

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_metastore       |
+---------------------------+
| AUX_TABLE                 |
| BUCKETING_COLS            |
| CDS                       |
| COLUMNS_V2                |
| COMPACTION_QUEUE          |
| COMPLETED_COMPACTIONS     |
| COMPLETED_TXN_COMPONENTS  |
| DATABASE_PARAMS           |
| DBS                       |
| DB_PRIVS                  |
| DELEGATION_TOKENS         |
| FUNCS                     |
| FUNC_RU                   |
| GLOBAL_PRIVS              |
| HIVE_LOCKS                |
| IDXS                      |
| INDEX_PARAMS              |
| KEY_CONSTRAINTS           |
| MASTER_KEYS               |
| NEXT_COMPACTION_QUEUE_ID  |
| NEXT_LOCK_ID              |
| NEXT_TXN_ID               |
| NOTIFICATION_LOG          |
| NOTIFICATION_SEQUENCE     |
| NUCLEUS_TABLES            |
| PARTITIONS                |
| PARTITION_EVENTS          |
| PARTITION_KEYS            |
| PARTITION_KEY_VALS        |
| PARTITION_PARAMS          |
| PART_COL_PRIVS            |
| PART_COL_STATS            |
| PART_PRIVS                |
| ROLES                     |
| ROLE_MAP                  |
| SDS                       |
| SD_PARAMS                 |
| SEQUENCE_TABLE            |
| SERDES                    |
| SERDE_PARAMS              |
| SKEWED_COL_NAMES          |
| SKEWED_COL_VALUE_LOC_MAP  |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST        |
| SKEWED_STRING_LIST_VALUES |
| SKEWED_VALUES             |
| SORT_COLS                 |
| TABLE_PARAMS              |
| TAB_COL_STATS             |
| TBLS                      |
| TBL_COL_PRIVS             |
| TBL_PRIVS                 |
| TXNS                      |
| TXN_COMPONENTS            |
| TYPES                     |
| TYPE_FIELDS               |
| VERSION                   |
| WRITE_SET                 |
+---------------------------+
57 rows in set (0.00 sec)

启动hive

接下来，启动hive

$ hive

参考

《Hive编程指南》

Error:Hive出现 Cause:Table 'metastore.VERSION' doesn't exist异常,会因为没有初始化mysql