如何找到相应Servlet类及其方法

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-26 19:38:44 发布

Zzze0101

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-26 19:38:44 发布

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文章标签： Servlet

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Zzze0101/article/details/92392124

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本文详细介绍了如何从index.jsp的链接出发，找到并执行DataServlet。首先，浏览器点击链接触发GET请求，Tomcat根据web.xml配置找到对应的Servlet类。接着，请求被传递到Servlet的service()方法，内部根据请求类型调用doGet()或doPost()。在Servlet生命周期中，init()方法在对象初始化时执行，destroy()方法在服务关闭时调用。通过对init(), service(), destroy()的重写，可以观察Servlet的执行流程。" 85238711,7703642,Hive UDF在Linux中构建JSON对象并自定义分区,"['Hive', '数据处理', 'JSON', '分区', '压缩']

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index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<title>Insert title here</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<a href="./DataServlet">链接</a>
	</body>
</html>

DataServlet

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class DataServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	public DataServlet() {
		System.out.println("DataServlet");
	}
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("Service");
		super.service(arg0, arg1);
	}
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("doGet");
		response.sendRedirect("target.jsp");
	}
}

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>service</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <description></description>
    <display-name>DataServlet</display-name>
    <servlet-name>DataServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.zzu.servlet.DataServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DataServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/DataServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

第一个过程：找到DataServlet
（1）我们在index.jsp中创建一个链接到DataServlet的标签，tomcat发布后在浏览器中点击链接，a标签默认为get请求，点击后创建一个get请求，然后tomcat服务器截取出地址“/DataServlet”。
（2）在web.xml中根据<url-pattern>/DataServlet</url-pattern>标签查找<servlet-name></servlet-name>根据该标签内容，找到对应servlet-name的<servlet> </servlet>标签，从<servlet> </servlet>标签内<servlet-class></servlet-class>找到对应Servlet路径，get请求传到该Servlet。
第二个过程：处理请求
get请求传到该Servlet之后，tomcat底层调用service()方法，在service方法中判断请求为get还是post，然后执行get或者post方法。
不管客户端发送请求的方式是Get还是POST，这个请求都由service方法来处理。在service方法的处理过程中，会根据客户端发送请求的方式不同，调用doGet和doPost方法分别进行处理，通过HttpServlet类中的service方法可以了解这一调用过程，如下代码：

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)throws ServletException, IOException {
        String method = req.getMethod();
        if (method.equals(METHOD_GET)) {
            long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
            if (lastModified == -1) {
                doGet(req, resp);
            } else {
                long ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader(HEADER_IFMODSINCE);
                if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified) {
                    maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                    doGet(req, resp);
                } else {
                    resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
                }
            }
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_HEAD)) {
            long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
            maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
            doHead(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_POST)) {
            doPost(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_PUT)) {
            doPut(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_DELETE)) {
            doDelete(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_OPTIONS)) {
            doOptions(req,resp);
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_TRACE)) {
            doTrace(req,resp);
        } else {
            String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
            Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
            errArgs[0] = method;
            errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
            
            resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, errMsg);
        }
    }

一些继承而来的方法

我们在DataServlet中重写init()，serivce()，destory()，方法来查看执行过程。

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class DataServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	String name;
	public DataServlet() {
		System.out.println("DataServlet");
	}
	@Override
	protected void service(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("Service");
		super.service(arg0, arg1);
	}

	@Override
	public void init() throws ServletException {
		name=getInitParameter("name");
		System.out.println(name+":在init()中实现");//
		super.init();
	}

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
		name = config.getInitParameter("name");
		System.out.println(name+":在init(config)中实现");
		super.init(config);
	}
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("doGet");
		response.sendRedirect("target.jsp");
	}
	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		System.out.println("销毁");//tomcat正常关闭或者停止发布
		super.destroy();
	}
	
}