一般在项目开发过程中,使用比较多的就是先建好表,再利用hibernate反向工程生成*.hbm.xml文件跟POJO类,个人认为由于目前所使用的数据库都是关系数据库,而hibernate作为一个ORM,把对数据库的操作都对象化了,更应当从对象出发,生成数据库里面相关表,这样更加符合人认知事物的习惯。
由于hibernate3提供了自带的工具hbm2ddl,建立根据你的对象建立数据库是一件非常简单的事情。
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1、新建java项目
2、创建User Library,加入如下jar,HIBERNATE_HOME是自己建立的一个user library将hibernate的架包作为一个共享库。
* HIBERNATE_HOME/hibernate3.jar,
* HIBERNATE_HOME/lib/*.jar
* MySql jdbc驱动
3、创建hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml,为了便于调试最好加入log4j配置文件。
hibernate.cfg.xml:
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/test</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password">123456</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/bjsxt/hibernate/User.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
log4j.properties 配置文件选项自己选择。
### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### direct messages to file hibernate.log ###
#log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug
### log HQL query parser activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug
### log just the SQL
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug
### log JDBC bind parameters ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug
### log schema export/update ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug
### log HQL parse trees
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug
### log cache activity ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug
### log transaction activity
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug
### log JDBC resource acquisition
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug
### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###
### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ###
#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace
4、定义实体类User.java
package com.bjsxt.hibernate;
import java.util.Date;
public class User {
private String id;
private String name;
private String password;
private Date createTime;
private Date expireTime;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public Date getExpireTime() {
return expireTime;
}
public void setExpireTime(Date expireTime) {
this.expireTime = expireTime;
}
}
5、定义User类的映射文件User.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.bjsxt.hibernate.User">
<id name="id">
<generator class="uuid"/>
</id>
<property name="name"/>
<property name="password"/>
<property name="createTime"/>
<property name="expireTime"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
6、将User.hbml.xml文件加入到hibernate.cfg.xml文件中, 具体配置见hibernate.cfg.xml
7、编写hbm2ddl工具类,将实体类生成数据库表
package com.bjsxt.hibernate;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;
public class ExportDB {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(cfg);
export.create(true, true);
}
}
8、开发客户端
package com.bjsxt.hibernate;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
//创建SessionFactory
SessionFactory factory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session = null;
try {
session = factory.openSession();
//开启事务
session.beginTransaction();
User user = new User();
user.setName("张三");
user.setPassword("123");
user.setCreateTime(new Date());
user.setExpireTime(new Date());
//保存数据
session.save(user);
//提交事务
session.getTransaction().commit();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//回滚事务
session.getTransaction().rollback();
}finally {
if (session != null) {
if (session.isOpen()) {
//关闭session
session.close();
}
}
}
}
}
为了方便跟踪sql执行,在hibernate.cfg.xml文件中加入<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>