【stat -- 提取文件的属性】

stat 的结构体

struct stat {
               dev_t     st_dev;         /* ID of device containing file */
               ino_t     st_ino;         /* Inode number */
               mode_t    st_mode;        /* File type and mode */
               nlink_t   st_nlink;       /* Number of hard links */
               uid_t     st_uid;         /* User ID of owner */
               gid_t     st_gid;         /* Group ID of owner */
               dev_t     st_rdev;        /* Device ID (if special file) */
               off_t     st_size;        /* Total size, in bytes */
               blksize_t st_blksize;     /* Block size for filesystem I/O */
               blkcnt_t  st_blocks;      /* Number of 512B blocks allocated */
               struct timespec st_atim;  /* Time of last access */
               struct timespec st_mtim;  /* Time of last modification */
               struct timespec st_ctim;  /* Time of last status change */

           #define st_atime st_atim.tv_sec      /* Backward compatibility */
           #define st_mtime st_mtim.tv_sec
           #define st_ctime st_ctim.tv_sec
           };

文件类型

           S_ISREG(m)  is it a regular file?

           S_ISDIR(m)  directory?

           S_ISCHR(m)  character device?

           S_ISBLK(m)  block device?

           S_ISFIFO(m) FIFO (named pipe)?

           S_ISLNK(m)  symbolic link?  (Not in POSIX.1-1996.)

           S_ISSOCK(m) socket?  (Not in POSIX.1-1996.)

char get_fileType(mode_t m)
{
    char c = 0;
    if (S_ISREG(m))
    {
        c = '-';
    }
    else if (S_ISDIR(m))
    {
        c = 'd';
    }
    else if (S_ISCHR(m))
    {
        c = 'c';
    }
    else if (S_ISBLK(m))
    {
        c = 'b';
    }
    else if (S_ISFIFO(m))
    {
        c = 'p';
    }
    else if (S_ISLNK(m))
    {
        c = 'l';
    }
    else if (S_ISSOCK(m))
    {
        c = 's';
    }
    return c;
}

文件权限

char *get_FilePermission(mode_t m, char ptr[10])
{
    char str[4] = "rwx";
    int i = 0;
    for (i == 0; i < 9; i++)
    {
        if ((m & (0400 >> i)) == 0)
        {
            ptr[i] = '-';
            continue;
        }
        ptr[i] = str[i % 3];
    }
    return ptr;
}

链接数

printf("%ld ", buf.st_nlink);

所属用户名

char *get_pwdname(uid_t uid, char *ptr)
{
    struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(uid);
    if (NULL == pwd)
    {
        perror("getpwuid");
        return NULL;
    }
    strcpy(ptr, pwd->pw_name);
    return ptr;
}

所属组用户名

char *get_grname(gid_t gid, char *ptr)
{
    struct group *grp = getgrgid(gid);
    if (NULL == grp)
    {
        perror("getgrgid");
        return NULL;
    }
    strcpy(ptr, grp->gr_name);
    return ptr;
}

文件大小

printf("%ld ", buf.st_size);

最后一次修改时间

void get_localTime(time_t t)
{
    struct tm *info;
    info=localtime(&t);
    printf("%02d %2d %2d:%2d ",info->tm_mon+1,info->tm_mday,info->tm_hour,info->tm_min);
}

文件名

总体代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <time.h>
// void get_FilePermission(mode_t m)
// {
//     int i = 0;
//     char a[3] = {'r', 'w', 'x'};
//     for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
//     {
//         if (m & 0400)
//         {
//             putchar(a[i % 3]);
//         }
//         else
//         {
//             putchar('-');
//         }
//         m << = 1;
//     }
// }
char *get_FilePermission(mode_t m, char ptr[10])
{
    char str[4] = "rwx";
    int i = 0;
    for (i == 0; i < 9; i++)
    {
        if ((m & (0400 >> i)) == 0)
        {
            ptr[i] = '-';
            continue;
        }
        ptr[i] = str[i % 3];
    }
    return ptr;
}
char get_fileType(mode_t m)
{
    char c = 0;
    if (S_ISREG(m))
    {
        c = '-';
    }
    else if (S_ISDIR(m))
    {
        c = 'd';
    }
    else if (S_ISCHR(m))
    {
        c = 'c';
    }
    else if (S_ISBLK(m))
    {
        c = 'b';
    }
    else if (S_ISFIFO(m))
    {
        c = 'p';
    }
    else if (S_ISLNK(m))
    {
        c = 'l';
    }
    else if (S_ISSOCK(m))
    {
        c = 's';
    }
    return c;
}
char *get_pwdname(uid_t uid, char *ptr)
{
    struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(uid);
    if (NULL == pwd)
    {
        perror("getpwuid");
        return NULL;
    }
    strcpy(ptr, pwd->pw_name);
    return ptr;
}

char *get_grname(gid_t gid, char *ptr)
{
    struct group *grp = getgrgid(gid);
    if (NULL == grp)
    {
        perror("getgrgid");
        return NULL;
    }
    strcpy(ptr, grp->gr_name);
    return ptr;
}

void get_localTime(time_t t)
{
    struct tm *info;
    info=localtime(&t);
    printf("%02d %2d %2d:%2d ",info->tm_mon+1,info->tm_mday,info->tm_hour,info->tm_min);
}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    char mode[20] = "";
    char user[20] = "";
    char group[20] = "";
    char type = 0;
    if (argc < 2)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "请输入文件名");
        return -1;
    }
    struct stat buf;
    if (stat(argv[1], &buf) < 0)
    {
        perror("stat");
        return -1;
    }
    type = get_fileType(buf.st_mode);
    printf("%c", type);
    //printf("st_mode: %o\n", buf.st_mode);
    get_FilePermission(buf.st_mode, mode);
    printf("%s ", mode);
    // printf("st_nlink: %ld\n", buf.st_nlink);
    printf("%ld ", buf.st_nlink);
    // printf("st_uid: %d\n", buf.st_uid);
    get_pwdname(buf.st_uid, user);
    printf("%s ", user);
    // printf("st_gid: %d\n", buf.st_gid);
    get_grname(buf.st_gid, group);
    printf("%s ", group);
    // printf("st_size: %ld\n", buf.st_size);
    printf("%ld ", buf.st_size);
    //printf("st_atime: %ld\n", buf.st_atime);
    get_localTime(buf.st_atime);
    printf("%s\n",argv[1]);
    return 0;
}

运行结果