Apache Commons fileUpload实现文件上传
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http://zhangjunhd.blog.51cto.com/113473/18331
Apache 的 commons-fileupload.jar 可方便的实现文件的上传功能,本文通过实例来介绍如何使用 commons-fileupload.jar 。
@author:ZJ 07-2-22
将 Apache 的 commons-fileupload.jar 放在应用程序的 WEB-INF\lib 下 , 即可使用。下面举例介绍如何使用它的文件上传功能。
所使用的 fileUpload 版本为 1.2 ,环境为 Eclipse3.3+MyEclipse6.0 。 FileUpload 是基于 Commons IO 的,所以在进入项目前先确定 Commons IO 的 jar 包(本文使用 commons-io-1.3.2.jar )在 WEB-INF\lib 下。
此文作示例工程可在文章最后的附件中下载。
示例 1
最简单的例子,通过 ServletFileUpload 静态类来解析 Request ,工厂类 FileItemFactory 会对 mulipart 类的表单中的所有字段进行处理,不只是 file 字段。 getName ()得到文件名, getString ()得到表单数据内容, isFormField ()可判断是否为普通的表单项。
demo1.html
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
// 必须是 multipart 的表单数据。
< form name = "myform" action = "demo1.jsp" method = "post"
enctype = "multipart/form-data" >
Your name: < br >
< input type = "text" name = "name" size = "15" >< br >
File: < br >
< input type = "file" name = "myfile" >< br >
< br >
< input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Commit" >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
|
demo1.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding = "GB18030" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.*" %>
<%@ page import = "java.util.*" %>
<! DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" >
<%
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request); // 检查输入请求是否为 multipart 表单数据。
if (isMultipart == true ) {
FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); // 为该请求创建一个 DiskFileItemFactory 对象 , 通过它来解析请求。执行解析后,所有的表单项目都保存在一个 List 中。
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
Iterator<FileItem> itr = items.iterator();
while (itr.hasNext()) {
FileItem item = (FileItem) itr.next();
// 检查当前项目是普通表单项目还是上传文件。
if (item.isFormField()) { // 如果是普通表单项目,显示表单内容。
String fieldName = item.getFieldName();
if (fieldName.equals( "name" )) // 对应 demo1.html 中 type="text" name="name"
out.print( "the field name is" + item.getString()); // 显示表单内容。
out.print( "<br>" );
} else { // 如果是上传文件,显示文件名。
out.print( "the upload file name is" + item.getName());
out.print( "<br>" );
}
}
} else {
out.print( "the enctype must be multipart/form-data" );
}
%>
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
</ body >
</ html >
|
结果:
the field name isjeff the upload file name isD:\C 语言考试样题 \ 作业题 .rar |
示例 2
上传两个文件到指定的目录。
demo2.html
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
< form name = "myform" action = "demo2.jsp" method = "post"
enctype = "multipart/form-data" >
File1: < br >
< input type = "file" name = "myfile" >< br >
File2: < br >
< input type = "file" name = "myfile" >< br >
< br >
< input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Commit" >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
|
demo2.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding = "GB18030" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.*" %>
<%@ page import = "java.util.*" %>
<%@ page import = "java.io.*" %>
<! DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" >
<% String uploadPath= "D:\\temp" ;
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
if (isMultipart== true ){
try {
FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request); // 得到所有的文件
Iterator<FileItem> itr = items.iterator();
while (itr.hasNext()){ // 依次处理每个文件
FileItem item=(FileItem)itr.next();
String fileName=item.getName(); // 获得文件名,包括路径
if (fileName!= null ){
File fullFile= new File(item.getName());
File savedFile= new File(uploadPath,fullFile.getName());
item.write(savedFile);
}
}
out.print( "upload succeed" );
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
else {
out.println( "the enctype must be multipart/form-data" );
}
%>
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
</ body >
</ html >
|
结果:
upload succeed
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此时,在 "D:\temp" 下可以看到你上传的两个文件。
示例 3
上传一个文件到指定的目录,并限定文件大小。
demo3.html
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
< form name = "myform" action = "demo3.jsp" method = "post"
enctype = "multipart/form-data" >
File: < br >
< input type = "file" name = "myfile" >< br >
< br >
< input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Commit" >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
|
demo3.jsp
<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding = "GB18030" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.*" %>
<%@ page import = "org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.*" %>
<%@ page import = "java.util.*" %>
<%@ page import = "java.io.*" %>
<! DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" >
<%
File uploadPath = new File( "D:\\temp" ); // 上传文件目录
if (!uploadPath.exists()) {
uploadPath.mkdirs();
}
// 临时文件目录
File tempPathFile = new File( "d:\\temp\\buffer\\" );
if (!tempPathFile.exists()) {
tempPathFile.mkdirs();
}
try {
// Create a factory for disk-based file items
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// Set factory constraints
factory.setSizeThreshold(4096); // 设置缓冲区大小,这里是 4kb
factory.setRepository(tempPathFile); // 设置缓冲区目录
// Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// Set overall request size constraint
upload.setSizeMax(4194304); // 设置最大文件尺寸,这里是 4MB
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request); // 得到所有的文件
Iterator<FileItem> i = items.iterator();
while (i.hasNext()) {
FileItem fi = (FileItem) i.next();
String fileName = fi.getName();
if (fileName != null ) {
File fullFile = new File(fi.getName());
File savedFile = new File(uploadPath, fullFile
.getName());
fi.write(savedFile);
}
}
out.print( "upload succeed" );
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
%>
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
</ body >
</ html >
|
示例 4
利用 Servlet 来实现文件上传。
Upload.java
package com.zj.sample;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@SuppressWarnings ( "serial" )
public class Upload extends HttpServlet {
private String uploadPath = "D:\\temp" ; // 上传文件的目录
private String tempPath = "d:\\temp\\buffer\\" ; // 临时文件目录
File tempPathFile ;
@SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" )
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
// Create a factory for disk-based file items
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// Set factory constraints
factory.setSizeThreshold(4096); // 设置缓冲区大小,这里是 4kb
factory.setRepository( tempPathFile ); // 设置缓冲区目录
// Create a new file upload handler
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// Set overall request size constraint
upload.setSizeMax(4194304); // 设置最大文件尺寸,这里是 4MB
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request); // 得到所有的文件
Iterator<FileItem> i = items.iterator();
while (i.hasNext()) {
FileItem fi = (FileItem) i.next();
String fileName = fi.getName();
if (fileName != null ) {
File fullFile = new File(fi.getName());
File savedFile = new File( uploadPath , fullFile.getName());
fi.write(savedFile);
}
}
System. out .print( "upload succeed" );
} catch (Exception e) {
// 可以跳转出错页面
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void init() throws ServletException {
File uploadFile = new File( uploadPath );
if (!uploadFile.exists()) {
uploadFile.mkdirs();
}
File tempPathFile = new File( tempPath );
if (!tempPathFile.exists()) {
tempPathFile.mkdirs();
}
}
}
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demo4.html
< html >
< head >
< meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=GB18030" >
< title > File upload </ title >
</ head >
< body >
// action="fileupload" 对应 web.xml 中 <servlet-mapping> 中 <url-pattern> 的设置 .
< form name = "myform" action = "fileupload" method = "post"
enctype = "multipart/form-data" >
File: < br >
< input type = "file" name = "myfile" >< br >
< br >
< input type = "submit" name = "submit" value = "Commit" >
</ form >
</ body >
</ html >
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web.xml
< servlet >
< servlet-name > Upload </ servlet-name >
< servlet-class > com.zj.sample.Upload </ servlet-class >
</ servlet >
< servlet-mapping >
< servlet-name > Upload </ servlet-name >
< url-pattern > /fileupload </ url-pattern >
</ servlet-mapping >
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