文件上传需要注意的点:
1.文件大小
2.上传速度
3.编码格式
SpringMVC文件上传步骤:
1.修改form表单上传方式
2.指定编码数据格式为文件上传
3.在配置文件中配置文件上传解析器,上传文件的大小,每次缓存文件的大小,默认编码等
4.编写controller核心代码,调用service将文件上传到服务器
文件上传的注意点:
1.form表单请求必须是post,并且enctype=“multipart/form-data”
2.文件上传解析的ID要求必须是multipartResolver
3.controller中接收的类必须是MultipartFile
先创建所需要的包,拦截器,以及配置web.xml,application_mvc文件
首先,上传的第一种写法是:
在web-app下创建一个index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 上传文件,提交一定是post,并且指定编码格式为文件上传:enctype="multpart/form-data -->
<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
头像:<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
然后在controller包下的UploadController.java包下写代码:
package com.zhiyou.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class UploadController {
@RequestMapping("upload")
public String Login(MultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
//文件的类型
System.out.println(file.getContentType());
//文件的大小
System.out.println(file.getSize());
//文件的名称
System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
//准备输入流
InputStream in = file.getInputStream();
//准备输出流
FileOutputStream os=new FileOutputStream("D:/zzx/"+file.getOriginalFilename());
IOUtils.copy(in, os); //注意这里的IOUtils导的包是org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils,导错包会上传失败
in.close();
os.close();
return null;
}
}
然后src/main/resources里面创建一个application_mvc.xml用来配置springmvc
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 开启SpringMVC的注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- SpringMVC扫描注解的路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhiyou.controller"/>
<!-- 开启静态资源支持 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器,可以给我们返回的视图自动添加前缀,后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 给视图添加一个后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!-- 需要拦截的请求是什么 -->
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/upload"/>
<bean class="com.zhiyou.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" /> <!-- 指定拦截器的类 -->
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 最大文件大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="#{1024*1024*1024}"></property>
<!-- 读取文件的速度 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="4096"></property>
<!-- 指定编码格式 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
然后在WEB-INF下的web.xml中配置:
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC1</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 加载spring配置文件,并通过全局参数配置,将配置文件的位置告诉监听器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application_jdbc.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<!-- 这个监听器可以读取spring配置文件,然后帮助我们初始化spring容器 -->
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置SpringMVC的前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application_mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<!-- 配置前端控制器的拦截路径 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
/*写完之后直接运行就ok了*/
接下来的第二种写法就很简单了
在web-app下创建一个index.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 上传文件,提交一定是post,并且指定编码格式为文件上传:enctype="multpart/form-data -->
<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
头像:<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
然后在controller包下的UploadController.java包下写代码:
package com.zhiyou.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class UploadController {
@RequestMapping("upload")
public ModelAndView Login1(MultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
file.transferTo(new File("D:/zzx/"+file.getOriginalFilename()));
return null;
}
}
然后src/main/resources里面创建一个application_mvc.xml用来配置springmvc
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 开启SpringMVC的注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- SpringMVC扫描注解的路径 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhiyou.controller"/>
<!-- 开启静态资源支持 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器,可以给我们返回的视图自动添加前缀,后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 给视图添加一个后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/> <!-- 需要拦截的请求是什么 -->
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/upload"/>
<bean class="com.zhiyou.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" /> <!-- 指定拦截器的类 -->
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
然后在WEB-INF下的web.xml中配置:
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC1</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 加载spring配置文件,并通过全局参数配置,将配置文件的位置告诉监听器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application_jdbc.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<!-- 这个监听器可以读取spring配置文件,然后帮助我们初始化spring容器 -->
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置SpringMVC的前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application_mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<!-- 配置前端控制器的拦截路径 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
/*写完之后直接运行就ok了*/
最后一个就是文件下载了:
@RequestMapping("download")
public ModelAndView out(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
//准备一个需要被用户下载的文件
File file=new File("D:\\zzx\\001.jpg");
//设置响应类型为图片下载
response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename=bug.jpg");
//准备一个 输入流
FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(file);
//获得响应输出流
ServletOutputStream out=response.getOutputStream();
//将文件输出到客户端
IOUtils.copy(in, out);
in.close();
out.close();
return null;
}
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