Linux内核模块简介概念--03

Linux提供了这样一个机制，模块本身不编译在内核中，从而减小了内核的大小，模块可以被加载，与内核配合使用。

1. 编写测试用例

#include<linux/kernel.h>
#include<linux/init.h>
#include<linux/module.h>

MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
static int hello_init(void)
{
	printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello World Enter\n");
	return 0;
}

static void hello_exit(void)
{
	printk(KERN_ALERT "Hello World Exit\n");

}

module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);

MODULE_AUTHOR("Love Linux");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A simple Hello World Module");
MODULE_ALIAS("A simple module");

2. 编写Makefile

obj-m := HelloDriver.o

all:
	$(MAKE) -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
	$(MAKE) -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

 

3. 编译程序

love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ make
make -C /lib/modules/4.18.0-25-generic/build M=/home/love/workspace/Driver modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.18.0-25-generic'
Makefile:970: "Cannot use CONFIG_STACK_VALIDATION=y, please install libelf-dev, libelf-devel or elfutils-libelf-devel"
  CC [M]  /home/love/workspace/Driver/HelloDriver.o
  Building modules, stage 2.
  MODPOST 1 modules
  CC      /home/love/workspace/Driver/HelloDriver.mod.o
  LD [M]  /home/love/workspace/Driver/HelloDriver.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.18.0-25-generic'
love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ ls
HelloDriver.c   HelloDriver.mod.c  HelloDriver.o  modules.order
HelloDriver.ko  HelloDriver.mod.o  Makefile       Module.symvers

 

4. 加载驱动

love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ insmod HelloDriver.ko 
insmod: ERROR: could not insert module HelloDriver.ko: Operation not permitted
love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ sudo insmod HelloDriver.ko 
[sudo] password for love: 
love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ sudo lsmod
Module                  Size  Used by
HelloDriver            16384  0
rfcomm                 77824  4
vmw_vsock_vmci_transport    28672  2

 

5. 查看模块详细信息

love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ cat /proc/modules 
HelloDriver 16384 0 - Live 0x0000000000000000 (OE)
rfcomm 77824 4 - Live 0x0000000000000000
vmw_vsock_vmci_transport 28672 2 - Live 0x0000000000000000
vsock 36864 3 vmw_vsock_vmci_transport, Live 0x0000000000000000
bnep 20480 2 - Live 0x0000000000000000
snd_ens1371 28672 6 - Live 0x0000000000000000

 

6. 查看内核中驱动模块的详细信息，已经加载成功后会自动生成

love@ubuntu:/sys/module/HelloDriver$ ls
coresize  initsize   notes   sections    taint
holders   initstate  refcnt  srcversion  uevent
love@ubuntu:/sys/module/HelloDriver$ tree -a
.
├── coresize
├── holders
├── initsize
├── initstate
├── notes
│   └── .note.gnu.build-id
├── refcnt
├── sections
│   ├── .gnu.linkonce.this_module
│   ├── __mcount_loc
│   ├── .note.gnu.build-id
│   ├── .rodata.str1.1
│   ├── .strtab
│   ├── .symtab
│   └── .text
├── srcversion
├── taint
└── uevent

3 directories, 15 files

 

7. 卸载驱动模块

love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ sudo rmmod HelloDriver 
love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ ls
HelloDriver.c   HelloDriver.mod.c  HelloDriver.o  modules.order
HelloDriver.ko  HelloDriver.mod.o  Makefile       Module.symvers

 

8. 查看内核日志

 

9. 查看模块信息

 

love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$ modinfo HelloDriver.ko
filename:       /home/love/workspace/Driver/HelloDriver.ko
alias:          A simple module
description:    A simple Hello World Module
author:         Love Linux
license:        Dual BSD/GPL
srcversion:     8C40CCF84D6BF19DA74800F
depends:        
retpoline:      Y
name:           HelloDriver
vermagic:       4.18.0-25-generic SMP mod_unload 
love@ubuntu:~/workspace/Driver$