================================================= 一、centos7.2安装oracle 11g =================================================
groupadd oinstall #创建用户组oinstall
groupadd dba #创建用户组dba
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle
passwd oracle
[sonny@localhost ~]$ su root
Password:
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/oracle #oracle数据库安装目录
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory #oracle数据库配置文件目录
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/database #oracle数据库软件包解压目录
[root@localhost sonny]# cd /data
[root@localhost data]# ls #创建完毕检查一下
database oracle oraInventory
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle #设置目录所有者为oinstall用户组的oracle用户
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database
[root@localhost data]#
vim /etc/redhat-release
改为:redhat-7
yum install binutils-devel.x86_64
yum install compat-libcap1.x86_64
yum install gcc.x86_64
yum install gcc-c++.x86_64
yum install glibc.i686
yum install glibc-devel.i686
yum install glibc-utils.x86_64
yum install glibc-static.i686
yum install glibc-static.x86_64
yum install ksh.x86_64
yum install libaio.i686
yum install libaio-devel.x86_64
yum install libaio-devel.i686
yum install libgcc.i686
yum install libstdc++.i686
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686
yum install libstdc++-static.i686
yum install libstdc++-static.x86_64
yum install libstdc++-docs.x86_64
yum install libXi-devel.i686
yum install libXi-devel.x86_64
yum install libXtst.i686
yum install libXtst-devel.i686
yum install libXtst-devel.x86_64
查看防火墙状态:systemctl status firewalld.service
关闭防火墙:systemctl stop firewalld.service
(安装时一定要关防火墙,oracle运行时本机使用不用关防火墙,远程连接oracle数据库时需要关闭防火墙)
关闭selinux(需重启生效)
vim /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled #此处修改为disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
修改内核参数
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
fs.file-max=6815744 #设置最大打开文件数
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
kernel.shmall=2097152 #共享内存的总量,8G内存设置:2097152*4k/1024/1024
kernel.shmmax=2147483648 #最大共享内存的段大小
kernel.shmmni=4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500 #可使用的IPv4端口范围
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
使配置参数生效:sysctl -p
对oracle用户设置限制,提高软件运行性能
追加:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
配置用户的环境变量(
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/software/data/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
生效:source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
chown -R oracle:oinstall database
准备安装
安装出现的两个问题:
1、[INS-06101] IP address of localhost could not be determined,主机名和/etc/hosts 文件不一致
1)vim /etc/sysconfig/network
加入:
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=sunt
2)hostname sunt
2)vim /etc/hosts
加入:127.0.0.1 sunt
2、ins_ctx.mk错误:
修改$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk文件:
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
$(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK)
修改为:
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
-static $(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK) /usr/lib64/libc.a
3、ins_emagent错误:
修改/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent文件:(190行)
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
修改为:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11
完后解锁scott用户即可
================================================= 二、安装完成后常见命令 =================================================
启动数据库:
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup
exit
lsnrctl start
关闭数据库:
sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
exit
lsnrctl stop
启动监听器:lsnrctl start
停止监听器:lsnrctl stop
查看监听器状态 :lsnrctl status
groupadd oinstall #创建用户组oinstall
groupadd dba #创建用户组dba
useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle
passwd oracle
[sonny@localhost ~]$ su root
Password:
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/oracle #oracle数据库安装目录
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/oraInventory #oracle数据库配置文件目录
[root@localhost sonny]# mkdir -p /data/database #oracle数据库软件包解压目录
[root@localhost sonny]# cd /data
[root@localhost data]# ls #创建完毕检查一下
database oracle oraInventory
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle #设置目录所有者为oinstall用户组的oracle用户
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oraInventory
[root@localhost data]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/database
[root@localhost data]#
vim /etc/redhat-release
改为:redhat-7
yum install binutils-devel.x86_64
yum install compat-libcap1.x86_64
yum install gcc.x86_64
yum install gcc-c++.x86_64
yum install glibc.i686
yum install glibc-devel.i686
yum install glibc-utils.x86_64
yum install glibc-static.i686
yum install glibc-static.x86_64
yum install ksh.x86_64
yum install libaio.i686
yum install libaio-devel.x86_64
yum install libaio-devel.i686
yum install libgcc.i686
yum install libstdc++.i686
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686
yum install libstdc++-static.i686
yum install libstdc++-static.x86_64
yum install libstdc++-docs.x86_64
yum install libXi-devel.i686
yum install libXi-devel.x86_64
yum install libXtst.i686
yum install libXtst-devel.i686
yum install libXtst-devel.x86_64
查看防火墙状态:systemctl status firewalld.service
关闭防火墙:systemctl stop firewalld.service
(安装时一定要关防火墙,oracle运行时本机使用不用关防火墙,远程连接oracle数据库时需要关闭防火墙)
关闭selinux(需重启生效)
vim /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled #此处修改为disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
修改内核参数
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
fs.file-max=6815744 #设置最大打开文件数
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
kernel.shmall=2097152 #共享内存的总量,8G内存设置:2097152*4k/1024/1024
kernel.shmmax=2147483648 #最大共享内存的段大小
kernel.shmmni=4096 #整个系统共享内存端的最大数
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500 #可使用的IPv4端口范围
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
使配置参数生效:sysctl -p
对oracle用户设置限制,提高软件运行性能
追加:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
配置用户的环境变量(
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/software/data/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export LANG=C
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
生效:source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
chown -R oracle:oinstall database
准备安装
安装出现的两个问题:
1、[INS-06101] IP address of localhost could not be determined,主机名和/etc/hosts 文件不一致
1)vim /etc/sysconfig/network
加入:
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=sunt
2)hostname sunt
2)vim /etc/hosts
加入:127.0.0.1 sunt
2、ins_ctx.mk错误:
修改$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk文件:
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
$(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK)
修改为:
ctxhx: $(CTXHXOBJ)
-static $(LINK_CTXHX) $(CTXHXOBJ) $(INSO_LINK) /usr/lib64/libc.a
3、ins_emagent错误:
修改/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0.1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent文件:(190行)
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
修改为:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11
完后解锁scott用户即可
================================================= 二、安装完成后常见命令 =================================================
启动数据库:
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup
exit
lsnrctl start
关闭数据库:
sqlplus / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
exit
lsnrctl stop
启动监听器:lsnrctl start
停止监听器:lsnrctl stop
查看监听器状态 :lsnrctl status