二、JDK1.8动态代理源码简析

参考文章一、参考文章二

Proxy.newProxyInstance()

    public static Object newProxyInstance(ClassLoader loader,
                                          Class<?>[] interfaces,
                                          InvocationHandler h)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        Objects.requireNonNull(h);
			
        final Class<?>[] intfs = interfaces.clone();
        //检查是否具有创建代理类的各项权限，主要是看是否能访问目标对象实现的接口所在的包，检查传入的类加载器是否符合要求
        final SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            checkProxyAccess(Reflection.getCallerClass(), loader, intfs);
        }
 
 		//关键部分：从缓存中查找或者新建一个代理类对象
        Class<?> cl = getProxyClass0(loader, intfs);
 
        /*
         * Invoke its constructor with the designated invocation handler.
         */
        try {
            if (sm != null) {
                checkNewProxyPermission(Reflection.getCallerClass(), cl);
            }
	    	//关键部分：根据获得的代理类Class对象或代理类构造器
	    	//构造器的参数定义为：private static final Class<?>[] constructorParams = { InvocationHandler.class };
            final Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(constructorParams);
            final InvocationHandler ih = h;
            if (!Modifier.isPublic(cl.getModifiers())) {
                AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
                    public Void run() {
                        cons.setAccessible(true);
                        return null;
                    }
                });
            }
            //关键部分：根据刚才获得构造器返回代理类实例对象，到这里已经完成了代理类的生成。
            //稍后将代理类实例用其实现的某个接口的接口引用指向这个对象，利用多态特性就调用了我们增强的方法
            return cons.newInstance(new Object[]{h});
        } catch (IllegalAccessException|InstantiationException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            Throwable t = e.getCause();
            if (t instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw (RuntimeException) t;
            } else {
                throw new InternalError(t.toString(), t);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.toString(), e);
        }
    }

进入到Proxy的一个内部类中的apply方法

/**
 * A factory function that generates, defines and returns the proxy class given
 * the ClassLoader and array of interfaces.
 */
private static final class ProxyClassFactory
    implements BiFunction<ClassLoader, Class<?>[], Class<?>>
{
    // prefix for all proxy class names
    private static final String proxyClassNamePrefix = "$Proxy";

    // next number to use for generation of unique proxy class names
    private static final AtomicLong nextUniqueNumber = new AtomicLong();

    @Override
    public Class<?> apply(ClassLoader loader, Class<?>[] interfaces) {

        Map<Class<?>, Boolean> interfaceSet = new IdentityHashMap<>(interfaces.length);
        for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
            /*
             * Verify that the class loader resolves the name of this
             * interface to the same Class object.
             */
            Class<?> interfaceClass = null;
            try {
                interfaceClass = Class.forName(intf.getName(), false, loader);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            }
            if (interfaceClass != intf) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    intf + " is not visible from class loader");
            }
            /*
             * Verify that the Class object actually represents an
             * interface.
             */
            if (!interfaceClass.isInterface()) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    interfaceClass.getName() + " is not an interface");
            }
            /*
             * Verify that this interface is not a duplicate.
             */
            if (interfaceSet.put(interfaceClass, Boolean.TRUE) != null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "repeated interface: " + interfaceClass.getName());
            }
        }

        String proxyPkg = null;     // package to define proxy class in
        int accessFlags = Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.FINAL;

        /*
         * Record the package of a non-public proxy interface so that the
         * proxy class will be defined in the same package.  Verify that
         * all non-public proxy interfaces are in the same package.
         */
        for (Class<?> intf : interfaces) {
            int flags = intf.getModifiers();
            if (!Modifier.isPublic(flags)) {
                accessFlags = Modifier.FINAL;
                String name = intf.getName();
                int n = name.lastIndexOf('.');
                String pkg = ((n == -1) ? "" : name.substring(0, n + 1));
                if (proxyPkg == null) {
                    proxyPkg = pkg;
                } else if (!pkg.equals(proxyPkg)) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "non-public interfaces from different packages");
                }
            }
        }

        if (proxyPkg == null) {
            // if no non-public proxy interfaces, use com.sun.proxy package
            proxyPkg = ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE + ".";
        }

        /*
         * Choose a name for the proxy class to generate.
         */
        long num = nextUniqueNumber.getAndIncrement();
        String proxyName = proxyPkg + proxyClassNamePrefix + num;

        /*
         * Generate the specified proxy class.
         */
        byte[] proxyClassFile = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(
            proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags);
        try {
            return defineClass0(loader, proxyName,
                                proxyClassFile, 0, proxyClassFile.length);
        } catch (ClassFormatError e) {
            /*
             * A ClassFormatError here means that (barring bugs in the
             * proxy class generation code) there was some other
             * invalid aspect of the arguments supplied to the proxy
             * class creation (such as virtual machine limitations
             * exceeded).
             */
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(e.toString());
        }
    }
}

最终调用了ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass()生成一个代理类的字节码文件proxyClassFile，再传递给defineClass0()方法，并返回一个类对象
进入defineClass0()方法可以看到是个native方法，在底层将一个字节数组转为一个Class对象

下面来看一下：generateProxyClass() 方法
ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass(proxyName, interfaces, accessFlags)

public static byte[] generateProxyClass(final String var0, Class<?>[] var1, int var2){}

public class ProxyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        byte[] bytes = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy", new Class[]{IEat.class});
        try {
            FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream("D:\\BackNotes\\JavaBase\\Reflection\\$Proxy.class");
            outputStream.write(bytes);
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

生成.class文件直接使用IDEA打开，IDEA会自动反编译为.java文件

package com.liaoxiang.proxy2;//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by Fernflower decompiler)
//

import com.liaoxiang.proxy2.IEat;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;

public final class $Proxy extends Proxy implements IEat {
    private static Method m1;
    private static Method m3;
    private static Method m4;
    private static Method m2;
    private static Method m0;
    private static Method m5;
	//在调用Proxy.newProxyInstance()时传入的第三个参数
	//一个InvocationHandler接口的匿名实现类对象
    public $Proxy(InvocationHandler var1) throws  {
        super(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws  {
        try {
            return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    public final void breakfast() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final void dinner() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final String toString() throws  {
        try {
            return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final int hashCode() throws  {
        try {
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final void lunch() throws  {
        try {
            super.h.invoke(this, m5, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    static {
        try {
            m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
            m3 = Class.forName("com.liaoxiang.proxy2.IEat").getMethod("breakfast");
            m4 = Class.forName("com.liaoxiang.proxy2.IEat").getMethod("dinner");
            m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
            m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
            m5 = Class.forName("com.liaoxiang.proxy2.IEat").getMethod("lunch");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
            throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

可以看到生成的代理类对象继承即Proxy类，实现了IEat接口，这也说明了JDK动态代理为什么是基于接口的