第4章 选择结构程序设计

##例4.2 输入两个实数，按由小到大的顺序输出这两个数。
‘’‘c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{float a,b,t;
scanf("%f,%f",&a,&b);
if(a>b)
{t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b);
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下：

##例4.3输入3个数abc，按由小到大顺序输出。
‘’‘c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{float a,b,c,t;
scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);
if(a>b)
{t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
if(a>c)
{t=a;
a=c;
c=t;
}
if(b>c)
{t=b;
b=c;
c=t;
}
printf("%5.2f,%5.2f,%5.2f\n",a,b,c);
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下：

##例4.4输入一个字符，判断它是否为大写字母，若是，转换为小写，不是不转换。
‘’'c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{char ch;
scanf("%c",&ch);
ch=(ch>=‘A’&&ch<=‘Z’)?(ch+32):ch;
printf("%c\n",ch);
return 0;

}
‘’’
运行结果如下:

##例4.5一跳跃函数，输入x值，输出对应的y值.
‘’'c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{int x,y;
scanf("%d",&x);
if(x>=0)
if(x>0) y=1;
else y=0;
else y=-1;
printf(“x=%d,y=%d\n”,x,y);
return 0;

}
‘’’
运行结果如下:

##例4.6要求要求按照考试成绩的等级输出百分制分数段，成绩的等级由键盘输入。
‘’’
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{char grade;
scanf("%c",&grade);
printf(“Your score:”);
switch(grade)
{case’A’:printf(“85~100\n”);break;
case’B’:printf(“70~84\n”);break;
case’C’:printf(“60~69\n”);break;
case’D’:printf("<60\n");break;
default:printf(“enter data error!”);
}
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下:

##例4.7用switch语句处理菜单命令
‘’‘c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{vido action1(int,int),action2(int,int);
char ch;
int a=15,b=23;
ch=getchar();
switch(ch)
{case’a’:
case’A’:action1(a,b);break;
case’b’:
case’B’:action2(a,b);break;
.
.
.
default:putchar(’\a’);
}
return 0;
}
vido action1(int,int)
{printf(“x+y=%d\n”,x+y);
}
vido action2(int,int)
{printf(“x+y=%d\n”,xy);
}
‘’’
运行结果如下:

##例4.8写一程序，并判断其是否为闰年
‘’‘c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{int year,leap;
scanf("%d",&year);
if(year%40)
{if(year%1000)
{if(year%400==0)
leap=1;
else leap=0;
}
else leap=1;
}
else leap=0;
if(leap)
printf("%d is",year);
else
printf("%d is not",year);
printf(" a leap year.\n");
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下:


##例4.9求ax²+bx+c=0方程的解。
‘’'c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
double a,b,c,disc,x1,x2,realpart,imagpart;
scanf("%lf,%lf,%lf",&a,&b,&c);
printf(“The equation”);
if(fabs(a)<=1e-6)
printf(“is not a quadratic\n”);
else
{
disc=bb-4ac;
if(fabs(disc)<=1e-6)
printf(“has two equal roots:%8.4f\n”,-b/(2a));
else
if(disc>1e-6)
{
x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2a);
x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2a);
printf(“has distinct real roots:%8.4f and %8.4f\n”,x1,x2);
}
else
{
realpart=-b/(2a);
imagpart=sqrt(-disc)/(2a);
printf(“has complex roots:\n”);
printf("%8.4f+%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
printf("%8.4f-%8.4fi\n",realpart,imagpart);
}
}
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下:



##例4.10运输公司对用户计算运输费用。
‘’'c
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int c,s;
float p,w,d,f;
printf(“please enter price,weight,discount:”);
scanf("%f,%f,%d",&p,&w,&s);
if(s>=3000) c=12;
else
c=s/250;
switch©
{
case 0: d=0;break;
case 1: d=2;break;
case 2:
case 3: d=5;break;
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
case 7: d=8;break;
case 8:
case 9:
case 10:
case 11: d=10;break;
case 12: d=15;break;
}
f=pws(1-d/100);
printf(“freight=%10.2f\n”,f);
return 0;
}
‘’’
运行结果如下：