1.Iterator模式
Iterator模式用于在数据集合中按照顺序遍历集合。
2.程序
Aggregate:表示集合的遍历
Iterator:遍历集合的接口
Book:表示书的类
BookShelf:表示书架的类
BookShelfterator:遍历书架的类
Main:测试程序行为的类
Aggregate.java//该接口声明方法只有一个,该方法会生成一个用于遍历集合的迭代器。
public interface Aggregate{
public abstract Iterator iterator();
}
Iterator.java//该接口用于遍历集合中的元素,相当于循环变量
public interface Iterator{
public abstract boolean hasNext();
public abstract Object next();
}
Book.java//表示书
public class Book{
private String name;
public Book(String name){
this.name = name;
}
public String getName(){
return name;
}
}
BookShelf.java//表示书架的类,这个书架中定义了books字段。由于需要将该类作为集合进行处理,因此实现了Aggregate接口。
public class BookShelf implements Aggregate{
private Book[] books;
private int last = 0;
public BookShelf(int maxsize){
this.books = new Book[maxsize];
}
public Book getBookAt(int index){
return books[index];
}
public void appendBook(Book book){
this.books[last] = book;
last++;
}
public int getLength(){
return new BookShelfIterator(this);
}
}
BooksShelfIterator.java//用于遍历书架的类
public class BooksShelfIterator implements Iterator{
private BookShelf bookShelf;
private int index;
public BookShelfIterator(BookShelf bookShelf){
this.bookShelf = bookShelf;
this.index = 0;
}
public boolean hasNext(){
if(index < bookShelf.getLength()){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
public Object next(){
Book book = bookShelf.getBookAt(index);
index++;
return book;
}
}
Main
public class Main{
public static void main(String[] args){
BookShelf bookShelf = new BookShelf(4);
bookShelf.appendBook("A BOOK");
bookShelf.appendBook("B BOOK");
bookShelf.appendBook("C BOOK");
bookShelf.appendBook("D BOOK");
Iterator it = bookShelf.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
Book book = (Book)it.next();
System.out.println(book.getName());
}
}
}
通过bookShelf.iterator得到的it是用于遍历书架的Iterator.
3.Iterator模式中的登场角色
Iterator(迭代器):负责定义按顺序逐个遍历元素的接口
ConcreteIterator(具体迭代器):负责实现Iteratir角色所定义的接口
Aggregate(集合):负责定义创建Iterator角色的接口
ConcreteAggregate(具体集合):负责实现Aggregate角色所定义的接口