Observer, or Observable/Observer:
A design pattern by which an object is imbued with the ability to notify others of specific events - typically done using actual events, which are kind of like slots in the object with the shape of a specific function/method. The observable is the one who provides notifications, and the observer receives those notifications.
观察者模式和发布/订阅模式在概念上有区别。观察者模式中，观察者可以动态订阅或取消订阅通知，一个可观察对象能向多个观察者广播消息。在.NET中，标准事件实现了这一模式。而发布/订阅通常意味着更匿名的事件发布，可能通过中间人（如消息队列）来实现，使得事件发布者和订阅者之间互不知晓。
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