* XML(Extensible Markup Language,可扩展标记语言)
1、XML DOM解析:
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
File f = ...
Document doc=builder.parse(f);
URL u=...
Document doc=builder.parse(u);
InputStream in=...
Document doc=builder.parse(in);
2、XML DTD(Document Type Definition,文档类型验证)验证:
- XML中验证:<!DOCTYPE configuration [<!Element configuration ...> more rules ...]>
- 外部dtd文件验证:<!DOCTYPE configuration SYSTEM "config.dtd">
- URL验证:<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN" "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2.2.dtd">
3、XML Schema:其本身就是一个XML文件,同时其内容指明了某种XML的格式。
关于dtd和XML Schema文档的编写可以参考《Java核心技术 卷II》Page 152-154中给出的具体文件内容示例。
本文参考 https://blog.csdn.net/bjhecwq/article/details/5872960 中的相关程序!
有关XML文件的介绍可以参阅 https://blog.csdn.net/zoeban/article/details/8617597
实例主要逻辑:
- HelloWorld.java提供反射机制访问的类
- test.xml文件给出HelloWorld类的信息
- Test.java文件读取xml中的类信息,并利用反射机制生成HelloWorld类的实例,并调用其中的方法
具体文件如图所示
各文件内容如下
HelloWorld.java
import java.util.Arrays;
public class HelloWorld {
public void sayHello(){
System.out.println("sya hello");
}
public void sayHello(int i){
System.out.println("sya hello: " + i);
}
public void sayHello(String[] str){
System.out.println("say hello: " + Arrays.toString(str));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] str = {"a", "b"};
HelloWorld h = new HelloWorld();
h.sayHello(str);
System.out.println("hello world");
}
}
test.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<element>
<import class="HelloWorld"/>
</element>
Test.java
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
public class Test {
/**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws ParserConfigurationException
* @throws SAXException
* @throws ClassNotFoundException
* @input
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, ClassNotFoundException {
DocumentBuilder builder;
builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
if (args.length == 0)
return;
else {
InputStream in=null;
try {
//读取XML文件
String filePath = args[0];
File file = new File(filePath);
in = new FileInputStream(file);
Document doc=builder.parse(in);
Element eRoot = doc.getDocumentElement();
NodeList nl = eRoot.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node n = nl.item(i);
if (!(n instanceof Element))
continue;
Element e = (Element) n;
System.out.println("Element: " + e.getNodeName());
//取得类名
String className=e.getAttribute("class");
Class cl=Class.forName(className);
//创建类实例对象
Object o=cl.newInstance();
//动态调用方法
Method m=cl.getMethod("sayHello", String[].class);
Object[] ob=new Object[1];
String arg[]=new String[1];
arg[0]="1";
ob[0]=arg;
m.invoke(o,ob);
}
}
finally {
in.close();
}
}
}
}
具体运行方法:
- javac HelloWorld.java
- javac -encoding utf-8 Test.java
- java Test test.xml
输出:
最后文件: