在上次Java Socket现实简单的HTTP服务我们实现了简单的HTTP服务,它可以用来模拟HTTP服务,用它可以截获HTTP请求的原始码流,让我们很清楚的了解到我们向服务发的HTTP消息的结构,对HTTP请求消息有个清晰的认识。这一节我想写了一个客户的程序,就是用来模拟浏览器,用来向服务器发送HTTP请求,最得要的是可以用它来显示服务器发回来的HTTP响应消息的一般结构。
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
- import java.net.InetAddress;
- import java.net.Socket;
- import java.net.UnknownHostException;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- /**
- * 一个简单的HTTP客户端,发送HTTP请求,模拟浏览器
- * 可打印服务器发送过来的HTTP消息
- */
- public class SimpleHttpClient {
- private static String encoding = "GBK";
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- try {
- Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8080);
- OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());
- StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
- sb.append("GET /HttpStream/gb2312.jsp HTTP/1.1\r\n");
- sb.append("Host: localhost:8088\r\n");
- sb.append("Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n");
- //注,这是关键的关键,忘了这里让我搞了半个小时。这里一定要一个回车换行,表示消息头完,不然服务器会等待
- sb.append("\r\n");
- osw.write(sb.toString());
- osw.flush();
- //--输出服务器传回的消息的头信息
- InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
- String line = null;
- int contentLength = 0;//服务器发送回来的消息长度
- // 读取所有服务器发送过来的请求参数头部信息
- do {
- line = readLine(is, 0);
- //如果有Content-Length消息头时取出
- if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {
- contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());
- }
- //打印请求部信息
- System.out.print(line);
- //如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行,则表示请求头结束
- } while (!line.equals("\r\n"));
- //--输消息的体
- System.out.print(readLine(is, contentLength));
- //关闭流
- is.close();
- } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- /*
- * 这里我们自己模拟读取一行,因为如果使用API中的BufferedReader时,它是读取到一个回车换行后
- * 才返回,否则如果没有读取,则一直阻塞,直接服务器超时自动关闭为止,如果此时还使用BufferedReader
- * 来读时,因为读到最后一行时,最后一行后不会有回车换行符,所以就会等待。如果使用服务器发送回来的
- * 消息头里的Content-Length来截取消息体,这样就不会阻塞
- *
- * contentLe 参数 如果为0时,表示读头,读时我们还是一行一行的返回;如果不为0,表示读消息体,
- * 时我们根据消息体的长度来读完消息体后,客户端自动关闭流,这样不用先到服务器超时来关闭。
- */
- private static String readLine(InputStream is, int contentLe) throws IOException {
- ArrayList lineByteList = new ArrayList();
- byte readByte;
- int total = 0;
- if (contentLe != 0) {
- do {
- readByte = (byte) is.read();
- lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
- total++;
- } while (total < contentLe);//消息体读还未读完
- } else {
- do {
- readByte = (byte) is.read();
- lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
- } while (readByte != 10);
- }
- byte[] tmpByteArr = new byte[lineByteList.size()];
- for (int i = 0; i < lineByteList.size(); i++) {
- tmpByteArr[i] = ((Byte) lineByteList.get(i)).byteValue();
- }
- lineByteList.clear();
- return new String(tmpByteArr, encoding);
- }
- }
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
/**
* 一个简单的HTTP客户端,发送HTTP请求,模拟浏览器
* 可打印服务器发送过来的HTTP消息
*/
public class SimpleHttpClient {
private static String encoding = "GBK";
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket s = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8080);
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream());
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
sb.append("GET /HttpStream/gb2312.jsp HTTP/1.1\r\n");
sb.append("Host: localhost:8088\r\n");
sb.append("Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n");
//注,这是关键的关键,忘了这里让我搞了半个小时。这里一定要一个回车换行,表示消息头完,不然服务器会等待
sb.append("\r\n");
osw.write(sb.toString());
osw.flush();
//--输出服务器传回的消息的头信息
InputStream is = s.getInputStream();
String line = null;
int contentLength = 0;//服务器发送回来的消息长度
// 读取所有服务器发送过来的请求参数头部信息
do {
line = readLine(is, 0);
//如果有Content-Length消息头时取出
if (line.startsWith("Content-Length")) {
contentLength = Integer.parseInt(line.split(":")[1].trim());
}
//打印请求部信息
System.out.print(line);
//如果遇到了一个单独的回车换行,则表示请求头结束
} while (!line.equals("\r\n"));
//--输消息的体
System.out.print(readLine(is, contentLength));
//关闭流
is.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/*
* 这里我们自己模拟读取一行,因为如果使用API中的BufferedReader时,它是读取到一个回车换行后
* 才返回,否则如果没有读取,则一直阻塞,直接服务器超时自动关闭为止,如果此时还使用BufferedReader
* 来读时,因为读到最后一行时,最后一行后不会有回车换行符,所以就会等待。如果使用服务器发送回来的
* 消息头里的Content-Length来截取消息体,这样就不会阻塞
*
* contentLe 参数 如果为0时,表示读头,读时我们还是一行一行的返回;如果不为0,表示读消息体,
* 时我们根据消息体的长度来读完消息体后,客户端自动关闭流,这样不用先到服务器超时来关闭。
*/
private static String readLine(InputStream is, int contentLe) throws IOException {
ArrayList lineByteList = new ArrayList();
byte readByte;
int total = 0;
if (contentLe != 0) {
do {
readByte = (byte) is.read();
lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
total++;
} while (total < contentLe);//消息体读还未读完
} else {
do {
readByte = (byte) is.read();
lineByteList.add(Byte.valueOf(readByte));
} while (readByte != 10);
}
byte[] tmpByteArr = new byte[lineByteList.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < lineByteList.size(); i++) {
tmpByteArr[i] = ((Byte) lineByteList.get(i)).byteValue();
}
lineByteList.clear();
return new String(tmpByteArr, encoding);
}
}
运行时访问一个页面打印如下:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
下面来个文件下载的看怎么样?
请求的Jsp页面如下:
- <%@page import="java.io.InputStream" contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"%>
- <%@page import="java.io.FileInputStream"%>
- <%@page import="java.io.OutputStream"%><html>
- <body> <br>
- <%
- try {
- InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
- int readCount = 0;
- while (is.available() > 0) {
- readCount = is.read(readContent);
- os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
- }
- is.close();
- //注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
- //与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
- //out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
- //数据会输出到客户端。
- os.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- %>
- </body>
- </html>
<%@page import="java.io.InputStream" contentType="text/html; charset=GB2312"%>
<%@page import="java.io.FileInputStream"%>
<%@page import="java.io.OutputStream"%><html>
<body> <br>
<%
try {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
int readCount = 0;
while (is.available() > 0) {
readCount = is.read(readContent);
os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
}
is.close();
//注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
//与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
//out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
//数据会输出到客户端。
os.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
%>
</body>
</html>
如里上面Jsp下载页面中的 os.close() 注释掉的话会抛如下异常:
exception
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:476) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:383) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
root cause
java.lang.IllegalStateException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response org.apache.catalina.connector.Response.getWriter(Response.java:601) org.apache.catalina.connector.ResponseFacade.getWriter(ResponseFacade.java:196) org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.initOut(JspWriterImpl.java:125) org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspWriterImpl.flushBuffer(JspWriterImpl.java:118) org.apache.jasper.runtime.PageContextImpl.release(PageContextImpl.java:185) org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.internalReleasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:116) org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspFactoryImpl.releasePageContext(JspFactoryImpl.java:76) org.apache.jsp.gb2312_jsp._jspService(gb2312_jsp.java:78) org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:98) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:328) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:315) org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:265) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:803)
以下是服务器经过编译生成的servlet类文件:
- package org.apache.jsp;
- import javax.servlet.*;
- import javax.servlet.http.*;
- import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- public final class gb2312_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
- implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {
- private static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;
- public Object getDependants() {
- return _jspx_dependants;
- }
- public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
- throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {
- JspFactory _jspxFactory = null;
- PageContext pageContext = null;
- HttpSession session = null;
- ServletContext application = null;
- ServletConfig config = null;
- JspWriter out = null;
- Object page = this;
- JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
- PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
- try {
- _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
- response.setContentType("text/html; charset=GB2312");
- pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
- null, true, 8192, true);
- _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
- application = pageContext.getServletContext();
- config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
- session = pageContext.getSession();
- out = pageContext.getOut();
- _jspx_out = out;
- out.write("\r\n");
- out.write("\r\n");
- out.write("\r\n");
- out.write("<html>\r\n");
- out.write("\t<body> <br>\r\n");
- out.write("\t\t");
- try {
- InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
- OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
- byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
- int readCount = 0;
- while (is.available() > 0) {
- readCount = is.read(readContent);
- os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
- }
- is.close();
- //注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
- //与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
- //out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
- //数据会输出到客户端。
- os.close();
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- out.write("\r\n");
- out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
- out.write("</html>");
- } catch (Throwable t) {
- if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){
- out = _jspx_out;
- if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
- out.clearBuffer();
- if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
- }
- } finally {
- if (_jspxFactory != null) _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
- }
- }
- }
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public final class gb2312_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {
private static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;
public Object getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {
JspFactory _jspxFactory = null;
PageContext pageContext = null;
HttpSession session = null;
ServletContext application = null;
ServletConfig config = null;
JspWriter out = null;
Object page = this;
JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
_jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=GB2312");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("<html>\r\n");
out.write("\t<body> <br>\r\n");
out.write("\t\t");
try {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream("e:/tmp/file2.txt");
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] readContent = new byte[1024];
int readCount = 0;
while (is.available() > 0) {
readCount = is.read(readContent);
os.write(readContent, 0, readCount);
}
is.close();
//注这里一定要关闭,不然的话抛异常,异常请见下面,原因就是response.getWriter()
//与response.getOutputStream()不能同时使用,如果在这里关闭了,前面与后面向
//out对象里写的数据就不会刷新到客户端了,只有向response.getOutputStream()写的
//数据会输出到客户端。
os.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
out.write("\r\n");
out.write("\t</body>\r\n");
out.write("</html>");
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
out.clearBuffer();
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
}
} finally {
if (_jspxFactory != null) _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
最后是服务向客户端输出的码流如下:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
这是测试文件的内容: |