python核心编程二十章例题asvcgi.py中的错误与修改

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/a447685024/article/details/52044365

本文介绍了如何修正《Python核心编程》第20章第8节示例脚本advcgi.py中的错误，主要涉及15行的修改和48-51行的新代码添加。修复后的脚本能够正确处理表单数据、文件上传及cookie设置。

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在python核心编程例题20.8中，按照作者代码是无法正常运行的，需要修改一下代码。主要是15行修改一下，48-51行添加四段代码。修改后代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8

from cgi import FieldStorage
from os import environ
from cStringIO import StringIO
from urllib import quote, unquote
from string import join, capwords



class AdvCGI:

    header = 'Content-Type: text/html\n\n'
    url = '/cgi-bin/advcgi.py'

    formhtml = '''<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>
Advanced CGI Demo</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY><H2>Advanced CGI Demo Form</H2>
<FORM METHOD=post ACTION="%s" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">
<H3>My Cookie Setting</H3>
<LI> <CODE><B>CPPuser = %s</B></CODE>
<H3>Enter cookie value<BR>
<INPUT NAME=cookie value="%s"> (<I>optional</I>)</H3>
<H3>Enter your name<BR>
<INPUT NAME=person VALUE="%s"> (<I>required</I>)</H3>
<H3>What languages can you program in?
(<I>at least one required</I>)</H3>
%s
<H3>Enter file to upload</H3>
<INPUT TYPE=file NAME=upfile VALUE="%s" SIZE=45>
<P><INPUT TYPE=submit>
</FORM></BODY></HTML>'''

    langSet = ('Python', 'PERL', 'Java', 'C++', 'PHP', 'C', 'JavaScript')
    langItem = '<INPUT TYPE=checkbox NAME=lang VALUE="%s"%s> %s\n'

    def getCPPCookies(self):                # reads cookies from client
        if 'HTTP_COOKIE' in environ:
            cookies = [x.strip() for x in environ['HTTP_COOKIE'].split(';')]
            for eachCookie in cookies:
                if len(eachCookie) > 6 and eachCookie[:3] == 'CPP':
                    tag = eachCookie[3:7]
                    try:
                        self.cookies[tag] = eval(unquote(eachCookie[8:]))
                    except (NameError, SyntaxError):
                        self.cookies[tag] = unquote(eachCookie[8:])
            if 'info' not in self.cookies:
                self.cookies['info'] = ''
            if 'user' not in self.cookies:
                self.cookies['user'] = ''
        else:
            self.cookies['info'] = self.cookies['user'] = ''

        if self.cookies['info'] != '':
            self.who, langStr, self.fn = self.cookies['info'].split(':')
            self.langs = langStr.split(',')
        else:
            self.who = self.fn = ''
            self.langs = ['Python']

    def showForm(self):                        # show fill-out form
        self.getCPPCookies()
        langStr = ''
        for eachLang in AdvCGI.langSet:
            if eachLang in self.langs:
                langStr = langStr + AdvCGI.langItem % \
                    (eachLang, ' CHECKED', eachLang)
            else:
                langStr = langStr + AdvCGI.langItem % \
                    (eachLang, '', eachLang)

        if 'user' not in self.cookies or \
                self.cookies['user'] == '':
            cookieStatus = '<I>(cookie has not been set yet)</I>'
            userCook = ''
        else:
            userCook = cookieStatus = self.cookies['user']

        print AdvCGI.header + AdvCGI.formhtml % (AdvCGI.url,
              cookieStatus, userCook, self.who, langStr, self.fn)

    errhtml = '''<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>
Advanced CGI Demo</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY><H3>ERROR</H3>
<B>%s</B><P>
<FORM><INPUT TYPE=button VALUE=Back
ONCLICK="window.history.back()"></FORM>
</BODY></HTML>'''

    def showError(self):
        print AdvCGI.header + AdvCGI.errhtml % (self.error)

    reshtml = '''<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>
Advanced CGI Demo</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY><H2>Your Uploaded Data</H2>
<H3>Your cookie value is: <B>%s</B></H3>
<H3>Your name is: <B>%s</B></H3>
<H3>You can program in the following languages:</H3>
<UL>%s</UL>
<H3>Your uploaded file...<BR>
Name: <I>%s</I><BR>
Contents:</H3>
<PRE>%s</PRE>
Click <A HREF="%s"><B>here</B></A> to return to form.
</BODY></HTML>'''

    def setCPPCookies(self):
        for eachCookie in self.cookies.keys():
            print 'Set-Cookie: CPP%s=%s; path=/' % \
                (eachCookie, quote(self.cookies[eachCookie]))

    def doResults(self):
        MAXBYTES = 1024
        langlist = ''
        for eachLang in self.langs:
            langlist = langlist + '<LI>%s<BR>' % eachLang

        filedata = ''
        while len(filedata) < MAXBYTES:        # read file chunks
            data = self.fp.readline()
            if data == '':
                break
            filedata = filedata + data
        else:                                # truncate if too long
            filedata = filedata + \
                '... <B><I>(file truncated due to size)</I></B>'
        self.fp.close()
        if filedata == '':
            filedata = \
                '<B><I>(file upload error or file not given)</I></B>'
        filename = self.fn

        if not ('user' in self.cookies and self.cookies['user']):
            cookieStatus = '<I>(cookie has not been set yet)</I>'
            userCook = ''
        else:
            userCook = cookieStatus = self.cookies['user']

        self.cookies['info'] = join([self.who,
            join(self.langs, ','), filename], ':')
        self.setCPPCookies()
        print AdvCGI.header + AdvCGI.reshtml % \
            (cookieStatus, self.who, langlist, filename, filedata, AdvCGI.url)

    def go(self):                # determine which page to return
        self.cookies = {}
        self.error = ''
        form = FieldStorage()
        if form.keys() == []:
            self.showForm()
            return

        if 'person' in form:
            self.who = capwords(form['person'].value.strip())
            if self.who == '':
                self.error = 'Your name is required. (blank)'
        else:
            self.error = 'Your name is required. (missing)'

        if 'cookie' in form:
            self.cookies['user'] = unquote(form['cookie'].value.strip())
        else:
            self.cookies['user'] = ''

        self.langs = []
        if 'lang' in form:
            langdata = form['lang']
            if isinstance(langdata, list):
                for eachLang in langdata:
                    self.langs.append(eachLang.value)
            else:
                self.langs.append(langdata.value)
        else:
            self.error = 'At least one language required.'

        if 'upfile' in form:
            upfile = form["upfile"]
            self.fn = upfile.filename or ''
            if upfile.file:
                self.fp = upfile.file
            else:
                self.fp = StringIO('(no data)')
        else:
            self.fp = StringIO('(no file)')
            self.fn = ''

        if not self.error:
            self.doResults()
        else:
            self.showError()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    page = AdvCGI()
    page.go()