显式等待和隐式等待（python+selenium）

 

 显式等待：

1.WebDriverWait类，由webdriver提供的等待方法，格式：

WebDriverWait(dirver,timeout,poll_frequency=0.5,ignored_exceptions=None)

　　driver:浏览器驱动

　　timeout:最长超时时间，默认单位秒

　　poll_frequency:检查间隔时间（步长），默认0.5s

　　ignored_exceptions:超时后的异常情况，默认抛NoSuchElementException异常

WebDriverWait()一般和until()或until_not()方法配合使用

　　until(method,message=''):调用该方法提供的驱动程序作为一个参数，只到返回值为true

　　until_not(method,message=''):调用该方法提供的驱动程序作为一个参数，只到返回值为false

参考代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
first_url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
driver.get(first_url)
element = WebDriverWait(driver,5,1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'kw')))
element.send_keys('selenium')
driver.quit()

2.使用is_displayed方法来判断，参考代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep,ctime
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
first_url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
driver.get(first_url)
print(ctime())
for i in range(10):
    try:
        el = driver.find_element_by_id('kw22')
        if el.is_displayed():
            print('ok')
            break
    except:pass
    sleep(1)
else:
    print('timeout')
driver.quit()
print(ctime())

隐式等待：

implicitly_wait()方法，参考代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep,ctime
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
first_url = 'http://www.baidu.com'
driver.get(first_url)
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
try:
    print(ctime())
    driver.find_element_by_id('kw')
    print('yes')
except Exception as msg:
    print(msg)
finally:
    print(ctime())
    driver.quit()

死等：sleep休眠，简单但不推荐使用

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/being-a-tester/p/7728077.html