C# 实现身份验证之WCF篇(2)

前面总结了三种方法,今天又将分享三种方法,完成WCF篇。

第四种:SOAP Header验证

首先定义一个WCF服务契约及服务实现类(后面的各种验证均采用该WCF服务),我这里直接采用默认的代码,如下:

服务契约定义:

namespace WcfService1
{
    // 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令,可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“IService1”。
    [ServiceContract(Namespace="http://www.zuowenjun.cn")]
    public interface IService1
    {
 
        [OperationContract]
        string GetData(int value);
 
        [OperationContract]
        CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite);
 
        // TODO: 在此添加您的服务操作
    }
 
 
    // 使用下面示例中说明的数据约定将复合类型添加到服务操作。
    [DataContract]
    public class CompositeType
    {
        bool boolValue = true;
        string stringValue = "Hello ";
 
        [DataMember]
        public bool BoolValue
        {
            get { return boolValue; }
            set { boolValue = value; }
        }
 
        [DataMember]
        public string StringValue
        {
            get { return stringValue; }
            set { stringValue = value; }
        }
    }
}

服务实现Service1.svc:

namespace WcfService1
{
    public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        public string GetData(int value)
        {
            return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
        }
 
        public CompositeType GetDataUsingDataContract(CompositeType composite)
        {
            if (composite == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("composite");
            }
            if (composite.BoolValue)
            {
                composite.StringValue += "Suffix";
            }
            return composite;
        }
    }
}

然后就开始编写实现SOAP Header验证的具体逻辑,为了便于扩展及可移植性,我这里新建一个类库项目:WcfServiceBehaviorExtension,在该项目中定义三个类,第一个是实现自IClientMessageInspector的类:AttachUserNamePasswordInspector,用于实现客户端在调用WCF服务时自动附加用户信息(用户名及密码);第二个是实现自IDispatchMessageInspector, IEndpointBehavior的类:ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior,用于实现自定义消息分发及验证用户信息;第三个是继承自BehaviorExtensionElement的类:ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,用于实现endpointBehavior扩展,可直接配置在config文件中,若采用在代码动态添加ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior则这类可以不用定义,下面依次分享这三个类的实现代码。

AttachUserNamePasswordInspector

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{
    public class AttachUserNamePasswordInspector : IClientMessageInspector
    {
        private static string userName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["username"];
        private static string password = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["pwd"];
 
        public void AfterReceiveReply(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message reply, object correlationState)
        {
             
        }
 
        public object BeforeSendRequest(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message request, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel channel)
        {
            MessageHeader userNameHeader = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationUserName", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", userName, false, "");
            MessageHeader pwdNameHeader = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationPwd", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", password, false, "");
 
            request.Headers.Add(userNameHeader);
            request.Headers.Add(pwdNameHeader);
            return null;
        }
    }
}

ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{
 
    public class ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior : IDispatchMessageInspector, IEndpointBehavior
    {
 
        #region IDispatchMessageInspector 成员
 
 
        private string GetHeaderValue(string key)
        {
 
            int index = OperationContext.Current.IncomingMessageHeaders.FindHeader(key, "http://www.zuowenjun.cn");
 
            if (index >= 0)
            {
                return OperationContext.Current.IncomingMessageHeaders.GetHeader<string>(index).ToString();
            }
 
            return null;
        }
 
 
 
        public object AfterReceiveRequest(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message request, System.ServiceModel.IClientChannel channel, System.ServiceModel.InstanceContext instanceContext)
        {
            string username = GetHeaderValue("OperationUserName");
            string pwd = GetHeaderValue("OperationPwd");
 
            if (!(username == "admin" && pwd == "wcf.admin"))
            {
                throw new FaultException("操作的用户名或密码不正确!");
            }
            return null;
 
        }
 
 
 
        public void BeforeSendReply(ref System.ServiceModel.Channels.Message reply, object correlationState)
        {
 
        }
 
 
 
        #endregion
 
 
 
        #region IEndpointBehavior 成员
 
 
 
        public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
        {
 
        }
 
 
 
        public void ApplyClientBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
        {
            clientRuntime.MessageInspectors.Add(new AttachUserNamePasswordInspector());
        }
 
 
 
        public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, System.ServiceModel.Dispatcher.EndpointDispatcher endpointDispatcher)
        {
            endpointDispatcher.DispatchRuntime.MessageInspectors.Add(new ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior());
        }
 
 
 
        public void Validate(ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
        {
        }
 
 
 
        #endregion
 
    }
 
}

ValidateUserNamePasswordElement

namespace WcfServiceBehaviorExtension
{
    public class ValidateUserNamePasswordElement: BehaviorExtensionElement
    {
        public override Type BehaviorType
        {
            get { return typeof(ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior); }
        }
 
        protected override object CreateBehavior()
        {
            return new ValidateUserNamePasswordBehavior();
        }
    }
}

定义好上述类后,我们再在WCF服务项目:WcfService1中引用该项目,然后修改配置文件web.config:

<system.serviceModel>
  <extensions>
    <behaviorExtensions>
      <add name="soapHaderValidation" type="WcfServiceBehaviorExtension.ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,WcfServiceBehaviorExtension"/>
    </behaviorExtensions>
  </extensions>
  <behaviors>
    <serviceBehaviors>
      <behavior>
        <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
        <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
      </behavior>
    </serviceBehaviors>
    <endpointBehaviors>
      <behavior name="service1behavior">
        <soapHaderValidation />
      </behavior>
    </endpointBehaviors>
  </behaviors>
  <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  <services>
    <service name="WcfService1.Service1">
      <endpoint binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior"></endpoint>
    </service>
  </services>
</system.serviceModel>

注意以下几点:

1.配置extensions > behaviorExtensions节点,里面添加ValidateUserNamePasswordElement类型信息,name为自定义名称,type为ValidateUserNamePasswordElement的完整类型名称,中间加逗号分隔,后面是该类所在的程序集名称;

2.配置endpointBehaviors > behavior节点,增加1中命名的节点soapHaderValidation,这里可能会报错误,但请不要理会,因为该节点在运行时才会生效的。

3.配置endpoint节点,需要添加behaviorConfiguration属性,并指定到2中所相对应的behavior

上述配置说白了就是配置自定义的服务行为类,使用在运行时注入到WCF服务管道中。

 服务端设置好后并发布运行,最后就是客户端引用该WCF服务,同时需要引用WcfServiceBehaviorExtension项目,然后修改配置文件app.config(我这里演示采用的是控制台程序):

<system.serviceModel>
  <extensions>
    <behaviorExtensions>
      <add name="soapHaderValidation" type="WcfServiceBehaviorExtension.ValidateUserNamePasswordElement,WcfServiceBehaviorExtension"/>
    </behaviorExtensions>
  </extensions>
  <behaviors>
    <endpointBehaviors>
      <behavior name="service1behavior">
        <soapHaderValidation />
      </behavior>
    </endpointBehaviors>
  </behaviors>
    <bindings>
        <wsHttpBinding>
            <binding name="WSHttpBinding_IService1" />
        </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client>
        <endpoint address="http://localhost:7704/Service1.svc" binding="wsHttpBinding"
            bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_IService1" contract="ServiceReference.IService1"
            name="WSHttpBinding_IService1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior">
        </endpoint>
    </client>
</system.serviceModel>

注意事项与服务端配置文件相同,即需要配置extensions > behaviorExtensions节点、endpointBehaviors > behavior节点、endpoint节点添加behaviorConfiguration属性

另还需在appSettings节点中增加配置用户名及密码

配置好后就可以在程序中调用WCF服务,调用方法过程与普通的调用方法相同,并无其它区别。当然如果不想在客户端配置自定义节点及,可以通过以下代码来动态的添加用户名及密码信息:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
 
    try
    {
        var client = new ServiceReference.Service1Client();
        using (OperationContextScope contextScope = new OperationContextScope(client.InnerChannel))
        {
            AppendUserInfoHeader("admin", "wcf.admin");
            string str = client.GetData(1);
            Console.WriteLine(str);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ERROR:{0}", ex.Message);
    }
 
    Console.WriteLine("我是主线程!");
    Console.Read();
}
 
 
static void AppendUserInfoHeader(string username, string pwd)
{
    MessageHeader header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationUserName", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", username);
    OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(header);
 
    header = MessageHeader.CreateHeader("OperationPwd", "http://www.zuowenjun.cn", pwd);
    OperationContext.Current.OutgoingMessageHeaders.Add(header);
 
}

第五种:集成Windows用户组授权与认证

首先,在实现服务契约时,我们在需要授权与认证的类或方法中添加PrincipalPermission特性,代码如下:

[PrincipalPermission(SecurityAction.Demand,Role="Users")]
public string GetData(int value)
{
    return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
}

这里我配置的是只有当请求的WINDOWS凭证的用户角色类型为Users才允许调用该方法,可以设置成其它角色或指定用户名(Name)等。

然后修改配置文件,配置如下:

<system.serviceModel>
  <behaviors>
    <serviceBehaviors>
      <behavior name="service1behavior">
        <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
        <serviceAuthorization principalPermissionMode="UseWindowsGroups"></serviceAuthorization>
      </behavior>
    </serviceBehaviors>
  </behaviors>
  <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  <services>
    <service name="WcfService1.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="service1behavior">
      <endpoint name="service1" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" ></endpoint>
    </service>
  </services>
</system.serviceModel>

这里需要注意,需配置serviceBehaviors > behavior > serviceAuthorization节点,将principalPermissionMode属性设为:UseWindowsGroups,并同时在service节点上指定behaviorConfiguration即可。

最后客户端正常引用该WCF服务,然后在调用WCF服务时,需要创建WindowsClientCredential对象,并指定用户名与密码,这里的用户名与密码均为该WCF服务端上服务器上的WINDOWS用户名及密码,具体代码如下:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
 
    try
    {
        var client = new ServiceReference.Service1Client();
        NetworkCredential credential = client.ChannelFactory.Credentials.Windows.ClientCredential;
        credential.UserName = "test";
        credential.Password = "test";
 
        string str = client.GetData(1);
        Console.WriteLine(str); ;
 
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("ERROR:{0}", ex.Message);
    }
 
    Console.WriteLine("我是主线程!");
    Console.Read();
}

第六种:集成Windows验证

服务定义与实现与文章开头贴出的代码相同,无任何特殊的地方,唯一的区别在于配置文件,如下:

<system.serviceModel>
  <behaviors>
    <serviceBehaviors>
      <behavior>
        <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
      </behavior>
    </serviceBehaviors>
  </behaviors>
  <bindings>
    <basicHttpBinding>
      <binding name="service1binding">
        <security mode="TransportCredentialOnly">
          <transport clientCredentialType="Windows"></transport>
        </security>
      </binding>
    </basicHttpBinding>
  </bindings>
  <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  <services>
    <service name="WcfService1.Service1" >
      <endpoint name="service1" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="service1binding" contract="WcfService1.IService1" ></endpoint>
    </service>
  </services>
</system.serviceModel>

注意事项:

1.绑定类型,我这里采用basicHttpBinding(不是每个绑定都支持WINDOWS验证的),同时需配置该绑定类型的security节点,mode设为TransportCredentialOnly,transport.clientCredentialType设为Windows。

完成上述配置后再直接访问WCF服务地址时,弹出需要输入用户名及密码,就表明WINDOWS验证已生效,接下来就是客户端引用该WCF服务,引用后配置文件自动进行了相应的更新,这里我们无需修改,然后在调用WCF服务时需要传入WindowsClientCredential对象,并指定用户名与密码,这里的用户名与密码均为该WCF服务端上服务器上的WINDOWS用户名及密码,与第五种相同代码就不贴出来了。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaoshujie/p/9760927.html

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