Spring入门6——hibernate

Hibernate

Hibernate是一款开源的ORM框架，对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装。

ORM

ORM(Object Relational Mapping)对象关系映射。避免了我们在使用数据库的过程中，频繁的编写SQL语句，和OOP的思想更加的切合，大大的简化了我们对数据库的操作。

为什么要使用ORM框架

优点：

1.不同的数据库的SQL语句是存在差别的。使用Hibernate无需关注这些差别。

2.移植性，可扩展性强

使用配置：

上下文配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd">
	
	<!-- <context:component-scan base-package="spring.hibernateDemo"></context:component-scan> -->
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test" />
		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value="root"></property>
	</bean>
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 注入datasource，给sessionfactoryBean内setdatasource提供数据源 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
			    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
		    </props>
	    </property>
	    <property name="packagesToScan">  
            <list>  
                <value>spring.hibernateDemo.model</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>
	</bean>
</beans>

Model：User.java

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class User {
	
	@Id
	private int id;
	
	@Column(name="username")
	private String username;
	
	@Column(name="password")
	private String password;

	public User() {}
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	

}

测试类：

public class AppTest {

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	
	private Session session;
	
	@Test
	public void Test() {
		try {
			ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:application-context.xml");
			sessionFactory = (SessionFactory)ctx.getBean("sessionFactory");
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
			User user = new User();
			user.setId(1);
			user.setPassword("password");
			user.setUsername("username");
			session.save(user);
			session.flush();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

依赖配置文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>spring</groupId>
	<artifactId>hibernateDemo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>hibernateDemo</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- hibernate4 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
			<version>4.2.5.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
			<version>4.2.5.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
			<version>4.2.5.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
			<artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.1.Final</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- spring3 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.0.RELEASE</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- mysql数据库驱动 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.37</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- dbcp -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>