cartesian
官方文档描述:
Return the Cartesian product of this RDD and another one, that is, the RDD of all pairs of elements (a, b) where a is in `this` and b is in `other`.
函数原型:
def cartesian[U](other: JavaRDDLike[U, _]): JavaPairRDD[T, U]
源码分析:
def getPartitions: Array[Partition] = {
// create the cross product split
val array = new Array[Partition(rdd1.partitions.length * rdd2.partitions.length)
for (s1 <- rdd1.partitions; s2 <- rdd2.partitions) {
val idx = s1.index * numPartitionsInRdd2 + s2.index
array(idx) = new CartesianPartition(idx, rdd1, rdd2, s1.index, s2.index)
} array
}
def getDependencies: Seq[Dependency[_]] = List(
new NarrowDependency(rdd1) {
def getParents(id: Int): Seq[Int] = List(id / numPartitionsInRdd2)
},
new NarrowDependency(rdd2) {
def getParents(id: Int): Seq[Int] = List(id % numPartitionsInRdd2)
}
)
Cartesian 对两个 RDD 做笛卡尔集,生成的 CartesianRDD 中 partition 个数 = partitionNum(RDD a) * partitionNum(RDD b)
。从getDependencies分析可知,这里的依赖关系与前面的不太一样,CartesianRDD中每个partition依赖两个parent RDD,而且其中每个 partition 完全依赖(NarrowDependency) RDD a 中一个 partition,同时又完全依赖(NarrowDependency) RDD b 中另一个 partition。具体如下CartesianRDD 中的 partiton i 依赖于(RDD a).List(i / numPartitionsInRDDb)
和 (RDD b).List(i %numPartitionsInRDDb)
。
实例:
List<Integer> data = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 7);
JavaRDD<Integer> javaRDD = javaSparkContext.parallelize(data);
JavaPairRDD<Integer,Integer> cartesianRDD = javaRDD.cartesian(javaRDD);
System.out.println(cartesianRDD.collect());
distinct
官方文档描述:
Return a new RDD containing the distinct elements in this RDD.
函数原型:
def distinct(): JavaRDD[T]
def distinct(numPartitions: Int): JavaRDD[T]
第一个函数是基于第二函数实现的,只是numPartitions默认为partitions.length,partitions为parent RDD的分区。
源码分析:
def distinct(): RDD[T] = withScope { distinct(partitions.length)}
def distinct(numPartitions: Int)(implicit ord: Ordering[T] = null): RDD[T] = withScope {
map(x => (x, null)).reduceByKey((x, y) => x, numPartitions).map(_._1)
}
distinct() 功能是 deduplicate RDD 中的所有的重复数据。由于重复数据可能分散在不同的 partition 里面,因此需要 shuffle 来进行 aggregate 后再去重。然而,shuffle 要求数据类型是
实例:
List<Integer> data = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 4, 3, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2);
JavaRDD<Integer> javaRDD = javaSparkContext.parallelize(data);
JavaRDD<Integer> distinctRDD1 = javaRDD.distinct();
System.out.println(distinctRDD1.collect());
JavaRDD<Integer> distinctRDD2 = javaRDD.distinct(2);
System.out.println(distinctRDD2.collect());