在传统项目中文件上传和下载是很常见的,尤其是Excel表格的导入,这里会用中国城市地区来实现导入数据库。
前端上一篇已经介绍jquery的upload方法实现的。
后端:
下载开发包:
poi-bin-3.9.zip。其他版本也可以,解压缩
在项目中引入依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
我们先看一下Excel表格的数据:
POI使用:
@Test
public void test1() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{
String filePath = "C:\\User\\local\\tomcat\\works\\demo\\资料\\区域导入测试数据.xls";
//包装一个Excel文件对象
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(new File(filePath)));
//读取文件中第一个Sheet标签页
HSSFSheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
//遍历标签页中所有的行
for (Row row : hssfSheet) {
System.out.println();
for (Cell cell : row) {
String value = cell.getStringCellValue();
System.out.print(value + " ");
}
}
}
下面在ssh框架中使用
1.添加依赖
2.在Action中接收文件,调用service保存到数据库,这里要注意不要在controller中直接循环调用service,这样每次都要开启一次事物,这样影响效率,这里放到list集合中来调用service,
/**
* 区域管理
* @author zhaoqx
*
*/
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
public class RegionAction extends BaseAction<Region>{
//属性驱动,接收上传的文件
private File regionFile;
@Autowired
private IRegionService regionService;
public void setRegionFile(File regionFile) {
this.regionFile = regionFile;
}
/**
* 区域导入
* @throws Exception
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public String importXls() throws Exception{
List<Region> regionList = new ArrayList<Region>();
//使用POI解析Excel文件
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(regionFile));
//根据名称获得指定Sheet对象
HSSFSheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheet("Sheet1");
for (Row row : hssfSheet) {
int rowNum = row.getRowNum();
if(rowNum == 0){
continue;
}
String id = row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue();
String province = row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue();
String city = row.getCell(2).getStringCellValue();
String district = row.getCell(3).getStringCellValue();
String postcode = row.getCell(4).getStringCellValue();
//包装一个区域对象
/*Region region = new Region(id, province, city, district, postcode, null, null, null);
province = province.substring(0, province.length() - 1);
city = city.substring(0, city.length() - 1);
district = district.substring(0, district.length() - 1);
String info = province + city + district;
String[] headByString = PinYin4jUtils.getHeadByString(info);
String shortcode = StringUtils.join(headByString);
//城市编码---->>shijiazhuang
String citycode = PinYin4jUtils.hanziToPinyin(city, "");
region.setShortcode(shortcode);
region.setCitycode(citycode);*/
regionList.add(region);
}
//批量保存
regionService.saveBatch(regionList);
return NONE;
}
regionService:
@Service
@Transactional
public class RegionServiceImpl implements IRegionService{
@Autowired
private IRegionDao regionDao;
/**
* 区域数据批量保存
*/
public void saveBatch(List<Region> regionList) {
for (Region region : regionList) {
regionDao.saveOrUpdate(region);
}
}
}
regionDao:继承BaseDao
BaseDao:提供公用方法
//保存更新
public void saveOrUpdate(T entity) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
扩展:pinyin4J
先看一下数据库字段
可以看到还有两个字段是null一个是简码,一个是编码。用拼音生成
区域一般到数据库还需要拼音字段,来快速检索城市,下面扩展一个pinyin4J。
<!-- 引入pinyin4J的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
<artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>
这里我们用到一个工具类
PinYin4jUtils.java
import java.util.Arrays;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinCaseType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinToneType;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;
public class PinYin4jUtils {
/**
* 将字符串转换成拼音数组
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
public static String[] stringToPinyin(String src) {
return stringToPinyin(src, false, null);
}
/**
* 将字符串转换成拼音数组
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
public static String[] stringToPinyin(String src, String separator) {
return stringToPinyin(src, true, separator);
}
/**
* 将字符串转换成拼音数组
*
* @param src
* @param isPolyphone
* 是否查出多音字的所有拼音
* @param separator
* 多音字拼音之间的分隔符
* @return
*/
public static String[] stringToPinyin(String src, boolean isPolyphone,
String separator) {
// 判断字符串是否为空
if ("".equals(src) || null == src) {
return null;
}
char[] srcChar = src.toCharArray();
int srcCount = srcChar.length;
String[] srcStr = new String[srcCount];
for (int i = 0; i < srcCount; i++) {
srcStr[i] = charToPinyin(srcChar[i], isPolyphone, separator);
}
return srcStr;
}
/**
* 将单个字符转换成拼音
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
public static String charToPinyin(char src, boolean isPolyphone,
String separator) {
// 创建汉语拼音处理类
HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
// 输出设置,大小写,音标方式
defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
StringBuffer tempPinying = new StringBuffer();
// 如果是中文
if (src > 128) {
try {
// 转换得出结果
String[] strs = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(src,
defaultFormat);
// 是否查出多音字,默认是查出多音字的第一个字符
if (isPolyphone && null != separator) {
for (int i = 0; i < strs.length; i++) {
tempPinying.append(strs[i]);
if (strs.length != (i + 1)) {
// 多音字之间用特殊符号间隔起来
tempPinying.append(separator);
}
}
} else {
tempPinying.append(strs[0]);
}
} catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
tempPinying.append(src);
}
return tempPinying.toString();
}
public static String hanziToPinyin(String hanzi) {
return hanziToPinyin(hanzi, " ");
}
/**
* 将汉字转换成拼音
*
* @param hanzi
* @param separator
* @return
*/
public static String hanziToPinyin(String hanzi, String separator) {
// 创建汉语拼音处理类
HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
// 输出设置,大小写,音标方式
defaultFormat.setCaseType(HanyuPinyinCaseType.LOWERCASE);
defaultFormat.setToneType(HanyuPinyinToneType.WITHOUT_TONE);
String pinyingStr = "";
try {
pinyingStr = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinString(hanzi, defaultFormat,
separator);
} catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return pinyingStr;
}
/**
* 将字符串数组转换成字符串
*
* @param str
* @param separator
* 各个字符串之间的分隔符
* @return
*/
public static String stringArrayToString(String[] str, String separator) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
sb.append(str[i]);
if (str.length != (i + 1)) {
sb.append(separator);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 简单的将各个字符数组之间连接起来
*
* @param str
* @return
*/
public static String stringArrayToString(String[] str) {
return stringArrayToString(str, "");
}
/**
* 将字符数组转换成字符串
*
* @param str
* @param separator
* 各个字符串之间的分隔符
* @return
*/
public static String charArrayToString(char[] ch, String separator) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < ch.length; i++) {
sb.append(ch[i]);
if (ch.length != (i + 1)) {
sb.append(separator);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 将字符数组转换成字符串
*
* @param str
* @return
*/
public static String charArrayToString(char[] ch) {
return charArrayToString(ch, " ");
}
/**
* 取汉字的首字母
*
* @param src
* @param isCapital
* 是否是大写
* @return
*/
public static char[] getHeadByChar(char src, boolean isCapital) {
// 如果不是汉字直接返回
if (src <= 128) {
return new char[] { src };
}
// 获取所有的拼音
String[] pinyingStr = PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(src);
// 创建返回对象
int polyphoneSize = pinyingStr.length;
char[] headChars = new char[polyphoneSize];
int i = 0;
// 截取首字符
for (String s : pinyingStr) {
char headChar = s.charAt(0);
// 首字母是否大写,默认是小写
if (isCapital) {
headChars[i] = Character.toUpperCase(headChar);
} else {
headChars[i] = headChar;
}
i++;
}
return headChars;
}
/**
* 取汉字的首字母(默认是大写)
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
public static char[] getHeadByChar(char src) {
return getHeadByChar(src, true);
}
/**
* 查找字符串首字母
*
* @param src
* @return
*/
public static String[] getHeadByString(String src) {
return getHeadByString(src, true);
}
/**
* 查找字符串首字母
*
* @param src
* @param isCapital
* 是否大写
* @return
*/
public static String[] getHeadByString(String src, boolean isCapital) {
return getHeadByString(src, isCapital, null);
}
/**
* 查找字符串首字母
*
* @param src
* @param isCapital
* 是否大写
* @param separator
* 分隔符
* @return
*/
public static String[] getHeadByString(String src, boolean isCapital,
String separator) {
char[] chars = src.toCharArray();
String[] headString = new String[chars.length];
int i = 0;
for (char ch : chars) {
char[] chs = getHeadByChar(ch, isCapital);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
if (null != separator) {
int j = 1;
for (char ch1 : chs) {
sb.append(ch1);
if (j != chs.length) {
sb.append(separator);
}
j++;
}
} else {
sb.append(chs[0]);
}
headString[i] = sb.toString();
i++;
}
return headString;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// pin4j 简码 和 城市编码
String s1 = "中华人民共和国";
String[] headArray = getHeadByString(s1); // 获得每个汉字拼音首字母
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(headArray));
String s2 ="长城" ;
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stringToPinyin(s2,true,",")));
String s3 ="长";
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stringToPinyin(s3,true,",")));
}
}
测试一下
@Test
public void test1(){
String province = "黑龙江省";
String city = "哈尔滨市";
String district = "江南区";
//简码
province = province.substring(0, province.length() - 1);
city = city.substring(0, city.length() - 1);
district = district.substring(0, district.length() - 1);
String info = province + city + district;
String[] headByString = PinYin4jUtils.getHeadByString(info);
String shortcode = StringUtils.join(headByString);
System.out.println(shortcode);
//城市编码
String citycode = PinYin4jUtils.hanziToPinyin(city, "");
System.out.println(citycode);
}
Action中补全信息
public String importXls() throws Exception{
List<Region> regionList = new ArrayList<Region>();
//使用POI解析Excel文件
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(regionFile));
//根据名称获得指定Sheet对象
HSSFSheet hssfSheet = workbook.getSheet("Sheet1");
for (Row row : hssfSheet) {
int rowNum = row.getRowNum();
if(rowNum == 0){
continue;
}
String id = row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue();
String province = row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue();
String city = row.getCell(2).getStringCellValue();
String district = row.getCell(3).getStringCellValue();
String postcode = row.getCell(4).getStringCellValue();
//包装一个区域对象
Region region = new Region(id, province, city, district, postcode, null, null, null);
province = province.substring(0, province.length() - 1);
city = city.substring(0, city.length() - 1);
district = district.substring(0, district.length() - 1);
String info = province + city + district;
String[] headByString = PinYin4jUtils.getHeadByString(info);
String shortcode = StringUtils.join(headByString);
//城市编码---->>shijiazhuang
String citycode = PinYin4jUtils.hanziToPinyin(city, "");
region.setShortcode(shortcode);
region.setCitycode(citycode);
regionList.add(region);
}
//批量保存
regionService.saveBatch(regionList);
return NONE;
}