基础班
```
#coding=utf8
from future import unicode_literals
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requestsheaders={
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.75 Safari/537.36',
'Cookie':''
}
url='http://www.tripadvisor.cn/Hotels-g60763-New_York_City_New_York-Hotels.html'wb_data=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
soup=BeautifulSoup(wb_data.content,'lxml')
titles=soup.select('a.property_title')
imgs=soup.select('img[height="200"]')//通过标签的属性height=200获取所有高为200的图片,也可以用class属性获取,如imgs=soup.select('img.photo_image')
cates=soup.select('div.clickable_tags')
for title,img,cate in zip(titles,imgs,cates):
data={
'title':title.get_text(),//获取标题文本
'img':img.get('src'),//通过src获取图片
'cate':cate.get_text(',')//获取文本,中间用“,”隔开
}
print(data)
```分类实现:
```
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requestsheaders={
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.75 Safari/537.36',
'Cookie':''
}
url_saves='http://www.tripadvisor.cn/Hotels-g60763-New_York_City_New_York-Hotels.html'def get_attractions(url,data=None):
wb_data=requests.get(url_saves)
soup=BeautifulSoup(wb_data.text,'lxml')
soup.decode('utf-8')
titles=soup.select('a.property_title')
imgs=soup.select('img.photo_image')
mates=soup.select('div.clickable_tags')for title,img,mate in zip(titles,imgs,mates): data={ 'title':title.get_text(), 'img':img.get('src'), 'mate':mate.get_text() } print(data)
def get_favs(url,data=None):
wb_data=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
soup=BeautifulSoup(wb_data.text,'lxml')
titles=soup.select('a.property_title')
imgs = soup.select('img.photo_image')
mates = soup.select('div.clickable_tags')if data==None: for title, img, mate in zip(titles, imgs, mates): data = { 'title': title.get_text(), 'img': img.get('src'), 'mate': mate.get_text() } print(data)
get_favs(url_saves)
```对于用链接控制页数的网页,获取所有页面的方法:
urls=['http://tieba.baidu.com/p/4900705159?pn={}',format(str(i)) for i in range(1,6,1)]
for single_url in urls: get_attractions(single_url)//通过循环调用上面代码中的类获取每一页的信息
对于用js处理的图片,可以设置User-Agent模拟手机客户端登陆,然后获取图片
- 58同城实例
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import time
url='http://bj.58.com/pingbandiannao/24604629984324x.shtml'
wb_data = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(wb_data.text,'lxml')
def get_links_from(who_sells):
urls = []
list_view = 'http://bj.58.com/pbdn/{}/pn2/'.format(str(who_sells))
wb_data = requests.get(list_view)
soup = BeautifulSoup(wb_data.text,'lxml')
for link in soup.select('td.t a.t'): //查找td标签下的t和a标签下的t
urls.append(link.get('href').split('?')[0])
return urls
def get_views_from(url):
id = url.split('/')[-1].strip('x.shtml') //以/分割链接,然后用-1取最后一个,用strip('x,shtml')在取到的数据后追加x.html
api = 'http://jst1.58.com/counter?infoid={}'.format(id)//上面的id是动态的,所以用.format加入动态id
//这个是找到了58的查询接口,不了解接口可以参照一下新浪微博接口的介绍
js = requests.get(api)
views = js.text.split('=')[-1] // 找到的id用=号分割,然后返回最后一个
return views
def get_item_info(who_sells=0):
urls = get_links_from(who_sells)
for url in urls:
wb_data = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(wb_data.text,'lxml')
data = {
'title':soup.title.text,//直接获取标题文本
'price':soup.select('.price')[0].text,
#获取地区,对于没有填写地区的设置为None,使用 .stripped_strings 可以去除多余空格或空行内容
'area' :list(soup.select('.c_25d')[0].stripped_strings) if soup.find_all('span','c_25d') else None,
'date' :soup.select('.time')[0].text,
'cate' :'个人' if who_sells == 0 else '商家',
# 'views':get_views_from(url)
}
print(data)
get_item_info(url)
get_links_from(1)
get_item_info()
- requests自带status检测函数,用于判断页面是否存在
wb_data=requests.get(url)
if wb_data.status_code==404: //用requests的status_code获取页面的状态码,判断是否为404
pass
- 线程池
# http://cn-proxy.com/
proxy_list = [
'http://117.177.250.151:8081',
'http://111.85.219.250:3129',
'http://122.70.183.138:8118',
]
proxy_ip = random.choice(proxy_list) # 随机获取代理ip
proxies = {'http': proxy_ip}
- 代码解析方法
data = {
'title':soup.title.text.strip(),
'price':soup.select('.f22.fc-orange.f-type')[0].text.strip(),
'pub_date':soup.select('.pr-5')[0].text.strip().split(' ')[0],
//先用map把数据装入map中,map中lambda表达式定义x,用x的text方法迭代后面soup.select()获取到的数据,从而取出文本,map返回的是一个地址,用list把map转换为值
'area':list(map(lambda x:x.text,soup.select('ul.det-infor > li:nth-of-type(3) > a'))),
'cates':list(soup.select('ul.det-infor > li:nth-of-type(1) > span')[0].stripped_strings),
'url':url
}
- 用该方法把url去重
db_urls = [item['url'] for item in url_list.find()]
index_urls = [item['url'] for item in item_info.find()]
x = set(db_urls)
y = set(index_urls)
rest_of_urls = x-y