[iOS菜鸟的学习之路]定位功能的实现

在iOS中提供定位功能的框架是CoreLocation，框架中提供了一个位置管理器（CLLoctionManager）,想要使用这个管理器，它就必须是全局的。位置管理器提供了大部分的位置功能，通过设置位置管理器的参数来调整位置的精度和位置刷新的频率。实现位置管理器的代理方法就能获得所要的位置参数。

首先，在TARGETS中的Build Phases中添加CoreLocation框架，然后在info.plist文件中添加两个成员：NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription ，NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription，值可以为空，也可以为YES。

为了使用的方便，将定位功能的位置管理器子类化（继承自NSObject），设置好代理：CLLocationManagerDelegate，然后创建一个全局的位置管理器：loctionmanager，这个管理器只要一个就好了，所以创建单例就可以了。具体代码：

#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
<pre name="code" class="objc">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

#define CCLastLongitude @"CCLastLongitude"#define CCLastLatitude @"CCLastLatitude"#define CCLastCity @"CCLastCity"#define CCLastAddress @"CCLastAddress"typedef void (^LocationBlock)(CLLocationCoordinate2D locationCorrrdinate);typedef void (^LocationErrorBlock) (NSError *error);typedef void(^NSStringBlock)(NSString *cityString);typedef void(^NSStringBlock)(NSString *addressString);@interface CCLocationManager : NSObject<CLLocationManagerDelegate>

@property (nonatomic) CLLocationCoordinate2D lastCoordinate;
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString *lastCity;
@property (nonatomic,strong) NSString *lastAddress;

@property(nonatomic,assign)float latitude;
@property(nonatomic,assign)float longitude;


+ (CCLocationManager *)shareLocation;
//一下方法就是将block赋值，然后在代理方法中回调即可。
/*
 *  获取坐标
 */
- (void) getLocationCoordinate:(LocationBlock) locaiontBlock ;

/*
 *  获取坐标和详细地址
 */
- (void) getLocationCoordinate:(LocationBlock) locaiontBlock  withAddress:(NSStringBlock) addressBlock;

/*
 *  获取详细地址
 */
- (void) getAddress:(NSStringBlock)addressBlock;

/*
 *  获取城市
 */
- (void) getCity:(NSStringBlock)cityBlock;

/*
 *  获取城市和定位失败
 */
- (void) getCity:(NSStringBlock)cityBlock error:(LocationErrorBlock) errorBlock;

使用定位之前，还要先开启定位：

-(void)startLocation
{
    if([CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled] && [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus] != kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied)
    {
        _manager=[[CLLocationManager alloc]init];
        _manager.delegate=self;
        _manager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest;
        [_manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
        _manager.distanceFilter=100;
        [_manager startUpdatingLocation];
    }
    else
    {
        UIAlertView *alertView=[[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"需要开启定位服务,请到设置->隐私,打开定位服务" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles: nil];
        [alertView show];
        
    }
    
}

接着在代理方法中有一个方法可以获取位置：

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation
{
    
    NSUserDefaults *standard = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
    

    CLGeocoder *geocoder=[[CLGeocoder alloc]init];
    [geocoder reverseGeocodeLocation:newLocation completionHandler:^(NSArray *placemarks,NSError *error)
     {
         if (placemarks.count > 0) {
             CLPlacemark *placemark = [placemarks objectAtIndex:0];
             _lastCity = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@",placemark.administrativeArea,placemark.locality];
             [standard setObject:_lastCity forKey:CCLastCity];//省市地址
             NSLog(@"______%@",_lastCity);

             _lastAddress = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@%@%@%@%@%@",placemark.country,placemark.administrativeArea,placemark.locality,placemark.subLocality,placemark.thoroughfare,placemark.subThoroughfare];//详细地址
             NSLog(@"______%@",_lastAddress);


         }
         if (_cityBlock) {
             _cityBlock(_lastCity);
             _cityBlock = nil;
         }
         if (_addressBlock) {
             _addressBlock(_lastAddress);
             _addressBlock = nil;
         }

         
     }];
    
    _lastCoordinate = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(newLocation.coordinate.latitude ,newLocation.coordinate.longitude );
    if (_locationBlock) {
        _locationBlock(_lastCoordinate);
        _locationBlock = nil;
    }

    NSLog(@"%f--%f",newLocation.coordinate.latitude,newLocation.coordinate.longitude);
    [standard setObject:@(newLocation.coordinate.latitude) forKey:CCLastLatitude];
    [standard setObject:@(newLocation.coordinate.longitude) forKey:CCLastLongitude];

    [manager stopUpdatingLocation];
    
}

在使用中，由于在iOS8以后使用定位功能要需要得到用户的授权，所以有如下代码（都是对位置管理器的设置）：

if (IS_IOS8) {
        
        locationmanager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
        [locationmanager requestAlwaysAuthorization];       
        [locationmanager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];    
        locationmanager.delegate = self;
    }

最后就可以调用locationmanager中的getLocation一些方法获取位置。