Python 提示 AttributeError: ‘NoneType‘ object has no attribute ‘append‘

1、情景复现

今天编写了一个爬虫脚本，最后把爬取的信息整合成列表的时候，就提示 AttributeError: ‘NoneType’ object has no attribute ‘append’

代码如下：

import requests
from lxml import etree
html = requests.get('https://www.cczu.edu.cn/')
html.encoding = "utf-8"
tree = etree.HTML(html.text)
a = tree.xpath("//ul[@class='clearfix']/li")
total = []
for i in a:
    title = ''.join(i.xpath('.//h2//text()'))
    time = ''.join(i.xpath('.//h3//text()'))
    link = ''.join(i.xpath('./h2/a/@href'))
    total = total.append({'title': title, 'url': link, 'date': time})
print(total)

2、原因

打断点调试一下，发现执行一次后发现 total 的类型变为了 NoneType，原来 append 会修改 total 本身，并且返回 None，不能把返回值再赋值给 total。

3、解决

把 total = total.append({'title': title, 'url': link, 'date': time}) 改为 total.append({'title': title, 'url': link, 'date': time}) 就解决问题了

正确代码如下：

import requests
from lxml import etree
html = requests.get('https://www.cczu.edu.cn/')
html.encoding = "utf-8"
tree = etree.HTML(html.text)
a = tree.xpath("//ul[@class='clearfix']/li")
total = []
for i in a:
    title = ''.join(i.xpath('.//h2//text()'))
    time = ''.join(i.xpath('.//h3//text()'))
    link = ''.join(i.xpath('./h2/a/@href'))
    total.append({'title': title, 'url': link, 'date': time})
print(total)