第8周项目4字符串类的构造

编号及代码：
/*
*Copyright(c)2015,烟台大学计算机与工程学院
*All rights reserved;
*文件名称：score.cpp
*作者：范星月
*完成日期：2015年5月9日
*版本号：v1.0
*
*问题描述：写一个能处理字符串的类，构造String类的加减运算，有指针成员
*问题输入：无
*问题输出：
*/

#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
class String
{
public:
    String ();
    String (char *s);
    String (String &str);
    ~String();
    friend String operator+(String &s1,String &s2);
    friend String operator-(String &s1,String &s2);
    void output();

private:
    char *p;
    int len;
};
String::String()
{
    len=0;
    p=NULL;
}
String::String(char *s)
{
    len=strlen(s);
    p=new char[len+1];
    strcpy(p,s);
}
String::String (String &str)
{
    len=str.len;
    if(p!=NULL)delete[]p;
    p=new char[len+1];
    strcpy(p,str.p);
}
String::~String()
{
    if(!p)delete []p;
}
void String::output()
{
    cout<<p<<endl;
}
String operator+(String &s1,String &s2)
{
    String s;
    s.len=s1.len+s2.len;
    s.p=new char [s.len+1];
    strcpy(s.p,s1.p);
    strcat(s.p,s2.p);
    return s;
}
String operator-(String &s1,String &s2)
{
    String s;
    //c1为截去尾部空格的字符串
    char *c1;
    c1=new char [s1.len+1];
    strcpy(c1,s1.p);
    int i=s1.len-1;
    while(i>=0&&c1[i]==' ')
        i--;
    c1[i+1]='\0';
    char *c2;
    c2=new char[s2.len+1];
    strcpy(c2,s2.p);
    i=0;
    while(i<s2.len&&c2[i]==' ')

        i++;
    int j=0;
    while(i<s2.len&&c2[i]!='\0')
    {
        c2[j++]=c2[i++];
    }
    c2[j]='\0';
    //将这两部分连接起来
    s.len=strlen(c1)+strlen(c2);
    s.p=new char [s1.len+1];
    strcpy(s.p,c1);
    strcat(s.p,c2);
    delete c1;
    delete c2;
    return s;
}
int main()
{
    String s1("  Hello "),s2("  word ");
    s1.output();
    s2.output();
    String s3;
    s3=s1+s2;
    s3.output();
    s3=s1-s2;
    s3.output();
    return 0;
}

学习总结： String (char *s);
                               String (String &str);这两个构造函数还是分不清楚

带指针的成员函数还需要多练习