[每日一练] Java多线程

Java控制台程序 modified at 2014年4月15日8:54:55

题目1：有100个线程，每个线程对变量 j 加 1，所有线程结束后，输出 j 的值（结果为100）。

提示：

1）对 j 的修改函数或者变量 j 进行同步（synchronized）处理。

2）所有线程都放入ThreadGroup线程组，threadGroup.activeCount>0检测所有线程是否完结。

难度：中

题目2：在题目1的基础上，利用这100个线程，每个线程对变量 j 减 1 ，所有线程结束后，输出 j 的值（结果为0）。

难度：中

public class AccountThread {

	Account account = new Account(0);
	Thread[] thread = new Thread[100];
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		AccountThread at = new AccountThread();
	}
	public AccountThread(){
		ThreadGroup g = new ThreadGroup("thread group");
		
		System.out.println("Thread\tOperate\t\tBalance");
		
		for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
			thread[i] = new Thread(g,new MyThread(1),"thread"+i);
			thread[i].start();
		}
		
		while(g.activeCount()!=0){	}
		System.out.println("after deposit:\t\t"+this.account.getBalance());
		
		for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
			thread[i] = new Thread(g,new MyThread(-1),"thread"+i);
			thread[i].start();
		}

		while(g.activeCount()!=0){	}
		System.out.println("after withdraw:\t\t"+this.account.getBalance());
	}
	class MyThread extends Thread{
		int amount = 0;
		public MyThread(int a){
			amount = a;
		}
		@Override
		public void run(){
			account.deposit(amount);
		}
	}
	class Account{
		int _balance;
		public Account(int balance){
			_balance = balance;
		}
		public int getBalance(){
			return _balance;
		}
		public void deposit(int amount){
			synchronized((Object)_balance){
				_balance += amount;
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
					" deposit " + amount+"\t\t"+getBalance());
				try {
					Thread.sleep(100);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

题目3：有一个账号，初始余额为 0 ，有两个线程，

1）线程1对账号存入随机钱，线程2从账号取出随机钱，

2）当账号余额不足时，线程2等待线程1存钱，

3）每一次存钱、取钱操作输出余额或者余额不足信息。

提示：需要用到资源的同步（synchronized）、线程的等待（wait）和通知（notify）。

难度：难

package com.threadexercise;

public class AccountThread {
	Account account = new Account(100);
	boolean done = false;
	boolean over = false;
	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		AccountThread at = new AccountThread();
		System.out.println("Thread1\t\tThread2\t\tBalance");
	}
	public AccountThread(){
		ThreadGroup g = new ThreadGroup("group");
		DepositThread dt = new DepositThread();
		dt.start();
		WithdrawThread wt = new WithdrawThread();
		wt.start();
	}
	class DepositThread extends Thread{
		@Override
		public void run(){
			while(true){
				int n = (int)(Math.random()*10)+1;
				account.deposit(n);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(1000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
	class WithdrawThread extends Thread{
		@Override 
		public void run(){
			while(true){
				int n = (int)(Math.random()*10)+1;
				account.withdraw(n);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(10);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
	class Account{
		public Account(int amount){
			balance = amount;
		}
		int balance;
		public int getBalance(){
			return balance;
		}
		public synchronized void deposit(int amount){
			balance+=amount;
			System.out.println("deposit: "+amount+"\t\t\t\t"+account.getBalance());
			notifyAll();
		}
		public synchronized void withdraw(int amount){
			while(balance < amount){
				System.out.println(balance +" < " + amount + " not enough");
				
				try {
					wait();
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
				
			}
			balance -= amount;
			System.out.println("\t\twithdraw: "+amount+"\t\t"+account.getBalance());
		}
	}
}

题目4：有四个线程，其中两个对变量 j 加一，另外两个对变量 j 减一。

难度：中

package com.ThreadExercise;

public class SimpleThread {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("Thread\t\tamount\t\tJ");
		SimpleThread st = new SimpleThread();
	}
	public SimpleThread(){
		int number;
		for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
			number = (int)(Math.random())+1;
			Thread t1 = new Thread(new MyThread(1));
			t1.setName("Thread"+i);
			t1.start();
		}
		for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
			number = (int)(Math.random())+1;
			Thread t1 = new Thread(new MyThread(-1));
			t1.setName("Thread"+(i+2));
			t1.start();
		}
		//number = (int)(Math.random()*10)+1;
		Thread control = new Thread(new Thread(new ControlThread(30000)));
		control.start();
	}
	int j = 0;
	boolean mark = true;
	public synchronized void operateJ(int amount){
		j += amount;
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t\t"+amount+"\t\t"+j);
	}
	class ControlThread implements Runnable{
		int time;
		public ControlThread(int amount){
			this.time = amount;
		}
		@Override 
		public void run(){
			try {
				System.out.println("after "+time+" seconds stop!");
				Thread.sleep(time);
				mark = false;
				System.out.println("threads stopped!");
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	class MyThread implements Runnable{
		int amount;
		public MyThread(int num){
			amount = num;
		}
		@Override
		public void run(){
			while(mark){
				operateJ(amount);
				try {
					Thread.sleep(1000);
				} catch (InterruptedException e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

题目5：用Runnable接口和Thread基类分别

1）实现一个线程，能够传递参数

2）定义线程名称，在控制台输出名称和参数

3）放入ThreadGroup，当两个线程结束后，输出提示信息

难度：易

题目6：用Java语言描述出Thread的生命周期。

提示：创建、启动、运行、阻塞（时间片、wait、中断）

难度：易

PS：该类练习题，保证线程正确，并发的效率难以保证。