Java之网络编程（三）TCP

/**
 * UDP通讯协议的特点：
 * 1.将数据及其原源和目的封装为数据包，不需要建立连接
 * 2.每个数据包大小限制在64k
 * 3.因为无连接，所以不可靠
 * 4.因为不需要建立连接，所以速度快
 * 5.UDP通讯是不分服务端与客户端的，只分发送端与接收端
 * 如：人说话、CS等
 * 
 * TCP通讯协议的特点：
 * 1.面向连接，有特有的通道，基于IO流进行数据传输
 * 2.在连接中传输大数据量
 * 3.通过三次握手机制连接，可靠协议
 * 4.通信前必须建立连接，效率稍低
 * 5.TCP是区分客户端和服务端的
 * 如：打电话、文件的传送
 * 
 * TCP协议下的Socket
 * 	Socket(客户端) TCP的客户端一旦启动马上要与服务端进行连接
 *  ServerSocket(服务端类)
 *  
 *  为什么ServerSocket不设计一个getInputStream和getOutputStream呢？
 * */

一、使用TCP实现服务端与客户端之间的连接

服务端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class MyServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			//创建服务端套接字对象
			ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9000);
			//接收服务端的连接
			Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
			System.out.println("有一个客户端连接成功了："+socket.getInetAddress());
			
			OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
			InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
			
			os.write("芝麻开门".getBytes());
			os.flush();
			
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int hasRead = 0;
			while((hasRead = is.read(buf))!=-1){
				System.out.println(new String(buf,0,hasRead));
			}
			is.close();
			os.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

客户端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class MyClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//1.创建客户端对象，在对象中指定与其连接的服务器IP地址和端口号
		try {
			Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("192.168.201.1"),9000);
			//2.获取Socket的输入流对象、输出流对象
			InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
			OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
			
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int hasRead = 0;
			
			while((hasRead=is.read(buf))!=-1){
				System.out.println(new String(buf,0,hasRead));
				os.write("服务端你好，初次见面，请多指教".getBytes());
				os.flush();
			}
			os.close();
			is.close();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
	}
}

实验效果图：

二、实现服务端可供多个客户端下载图片的功能

服务端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
	
//提供下载文件线程
class DownloadServerThread extends Thread{
	private Socket socket; //客户端套接字对象
	private File srcFile;  //需要被下载的文件对象
	public DownloadServerThread(Socket socket, File srcFile) {
		super();
		this.socket = socket;
		this.srcFile = srcFile;
	}
	public void run() {
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		OutputStream os = null;
		try {
			fis = new FileInputStream(srcFile);//建立文件输入流
			os = socket.getOutputStream();//获取客户端socket输出流
			
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];//建立缓冲字节数组
			int hasRead = 0;
			while((hasRead = fis.read(buf))!=-1){//读取传输文件
				os.write(buf, 0, hasRead);//写入客户端文件数据
			}
			os.flush();//刷新
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally{
			FileUtils.closeIO(new Closeable[]{fis,os});//关闭IO
		}
		
	}
}

//搭建可供多个客户端下载文件服务端
public class DownloadServer{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8899);
			System.out.println("服务端启动了......");
			File srcFile = new File("d:\\demo\\car.jpg");
			while(true){
				//接受客户端连接，获取Socket
				Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
				System.out.println("已经连接到的客户端有："+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
				//创建下载线程
				DownloadServerThread thread = new DownloadServerThread(socket,srcFile);
				//开启线程
				thread.start();
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}
}

客户端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

//客户端
public class DownloadClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		InputStream is = null;
		FileOutputStream fos =null;
		
		try {
			//创建客户端对象，在对象中指定与其连接的服务器IP地址和端口号
			Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("10.41.151.63"),8899);
			//获取Socket输入流对象
			is = socket.getInputStream();
			//创建文件输出流通道
			fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("car.jpg"));
			//创建缓冲数组
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int hasRead = 0;
			//读取服务端传来数据并写入到指定文件路径
			while((hasRead = is.read(buf))!=-1){
				fos.write(buf, 0, hasRead);
			}
			//刷新
			fos.flush();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

关闭流工具类代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
//关闭IO的工具类
public class FileUtils {
	
	public static void closeIO(Closeable...ios){
		for (Closeable io : ios) {
			if(io!=null){
				try {
					io.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

三、实现服务端能够接收多个客户端发送图片并进行保存

服务端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp2;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import com.shuhuadream.tcp.FileUtils;

//接收客户端发来文件线程
class UploadServerThread extends Thread{
	private Socket socket;

	public UploadServerThread(Socket socket) {
		super();
		this.socket = socket;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		InputStream is = null;
		FileOutputStream fos = null;
		
		try {
			//获取socket输入流对象
			is = socket.getInputStream();
			//创建文件输出流对象
			fos = new FileOutputStream(System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg");
			//建立缓冲数组
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int hasRead = 0;
			//读取客户端传来数据并写入到本地
			while((hasRead = is.read(buf))!=-1){
				fos.write(buf, 0, hasRead);
			}
			//刷新
			fos.flush();
			System.out.println("文件传输成功！");
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally{
			//关闭资源
			FileUtils.closeIO(new Closeable[]{is,fos});
		}
		
	}
}
public class UploadServer {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			//创建服务器套接字对象
			ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8887);
			System.out.println("服务器启动了......");
			while(true){
				//接受客户端连接，生成Socket
				Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
				//创建下载线程
				UploadServerThread thread = new UploadServerThread(socket);
				//开启线程
				thread.start();	
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}
}

客户端代码：

package com.shuhuadream.tcp2;

import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import com.shuhuadream.tcp.FileUtils;

//客户端
public class UploadClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		OutputStream os = null;
		try {
			fis = new FileInputStream("car.jpg");
			Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName("10.41.151.63"),8888);
			os = socket.getOutputStream();
			
			byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
			int hasRead = 0;
			while((hasRead = fis.read(buf))!=-1){
				os.write(buf, 0, hasRead);
			}
			os.flush();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
			e1.printStackTrace();
		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally{
			FileUtils.closeIO(new Closeable[]{os,fis});
		}
	}
}

实验结果：