SpringDataJPA的初步学习与使用

一、引入依赖

<!--Spring Data JPA依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动，这里使用sqlServer-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
    <version>4.0</version>
</dependency>

二、配置文件

spring:
    datasource:
        url: ""
        username: ""
        password: ""
        driver-class-name: ""
    jpa:
        hibernate:
            ddl-auto: update
        show-sql: true

三、使用

• 实体类

  package com.example.jpademo.entity;
  
  import java.io.Serializable;
  import java.util.Date;
  import javax.persistence.*;
  
  import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
  import lombok.Data;
  import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
  import org.hibernate.annotations.Proxy;
  
  /**
   * knowledge
   * @author 
   */
  @Table(name="knowledge")
  @Data
  @Entity
  @NoArgsConstructor
  @AllArgsConstructor
  public class Knowledge implements Serializable {
      /**
       * 条目编号
       */
      @Id
      @GeneratedValue(generator = "JDBC",strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
      private Integer id;
  
      /**
       * 标题
       */
      private String title;
  
      /**
       * 最后更改时间
       */
      private Date lastmodified;
  
      /**
       * 内容
       */
      private String content;
  
      /**
       * 类别编号
       */
      private Integer classid;
  
      private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  
  
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
          sb.append(getClass().getSimpleName());
          sb.append(" [");
          sb.append("Hash = ").append(hashCode());
          sb.append(", id=").append(id);
          sb.append(", title=").append(title);
          sb.append(", lastmodified=").append(lastmodified);
          sb.append(", content=").append(content);
          sb.append(", classid=").append(classid);
          sb.append(", serialVersionUID=").append(serialVersionUID);
          sb.append("]");
          return sb.toString();
      }
  }
  

• DAO

  package com.example.jpademo.dao;
  
  import com.example.jpademo.entity.Knowledge;
  import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Modifying;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
  import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
  import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
  
  import javax.persistence.Column;
  import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
  import javax.persistence.Id;
  import javax.persistence.Table;
  import java.util.List;
  
  public interface KnowledgeDao extends JpaRepository<Knowledge,Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<Knowledge>{
      //id>= min AND id<=max
      List<Knowledge> findByIdGreaterThanAndIdLessThan(Integer min, Integer max);
  
      //id>= min AND id<=max
      List<Knowledge> findByIdBetween(Integer min,Integer max);
  
      //id==id
      Knowledge findByIdIs(Integer id);
  
      //id==id
      Knowledge findByIdEquals(Integer id);
  
      //And Or Between(a>=? AND ?<=? )
  
      //GreaterThan(>=)  LessThan(<=)
  
      //判断空值 IsNull IsNotNull NotNull
  
      //模糊查询 Like NotLike
  
      //Is Not Equals
  
      //OrderBy
  
      //In NotIn
  
      //TRUE FALSE
  
      /*
       * 时间日期 After  Before
       * findByStartDateAfter
       * where x.startDate > ?1（After）
       * */
  
      //StartingWith EndingWith Containing
  
      //IgnoreCase
  
      //top
  
      /*
      * 注解
      * @Query
      * @Param
      * */
      @Query("from Knowledge where content like %:content%")
      List<Knowledge> findKnowledgeByContent(@Param("content") String content);
  
      @Query(value = "select * from knowledge where content like %:content%",nativeQuery =true)
      List<Knowledge> findKnowledgeByTitle(@Param("content") String content);
  
      @Modifying //修改查询，标记为更新
      @Transactional
      @Query("update Knowledge set content =:content where id =:id")
      int updateKnowledge(@Param("content") String content,@Param("id") int id);
  }
  

• 使用

  package com.example.jpademo;
  
  import com.example.jpademo.dao.KnowledgeDao;
  import com.example.jpademo.entity.Knowledge;
  import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
  import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
  import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
  import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
  import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
  import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
  
  import javax.annotation.Resource;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Optional;
  
  @SpringBootTest
  class JpaDemoApplicationTests {
  
      @Resource
      KnowledgeDao knowledgeDao;
  
      @Test
      void contextLoads() {
          Knowledge knowledge=new Knowledge();
          //根据ID返回单个实体
          System.out.println("根据ID返回单个实体-->"+knowledgeDao.findById(97));
          //根据ID返回实体是否存在
          System.out.println("返回实体是否存在-->"+knowledgeDao.existsById(97));
          //返回实体总数
          System.out.println("实体总数-->"+knowledgeDao.count());
          //分页返回实体
          Sort sort = Sort.by(Sort.Order.desc("lastmodified"));
          System.out.println("第一页数据");
          Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(0, 2,sort);
          knowledgeDao.findAll(pageable).forEach(System.out::println);
  
          //使用方法命名查询
          knowledgeDao.findByIdGreaterThanAndIdLessThan(94,100).forEach(System.out::println);
          knowledgeDao.findByIdBetween(95,97).forEach(System.out::println);
          //增删改
  
          //修改
          //获取实体
          knowledge=knowledgeDao.findById(97).get();
          knowledge.setTitle("SQL不太难");
          knowledge.setId(null);
          //根据id判断添加或修改
          Knowledge save = knowledgeDao.save(knowledge);
          System.out.println(save);
          //删除
          knowledgeDao.delete(knowledge);
  
          knowledgeDao.findKnowledgeByContent("Java").forEach(System.out::println);
  
          knowledgeDao.findKnowledgeByTitle("Java").forEach(System.out::println);
  
          System.out.println(knowledgeDao.updateKnowledge("第二次更新的测试内容", 97));
      }
  }