Service是后台运行,不可见,没有界面的页面,优先级高于Activity,可以用来播放音乐、记录地理信息位置的改变、监听某种动作,类型有两种,一是本地服务,有start和bind两种启动方式,另一种是远程服务。
目标效果:
程序运行显示所有的按钮控件,分为两类,上边是start的启动和停止,下边是bind的启动和停止,点击输出对应的生命周期的方法内容。
1.activity_main.xml页面放置所有按钮控件。
activity_main.xml页面:
- <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- tools:context=".MainActivity" >
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tvStart"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
- android:text="Start:" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btStart"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_below="@+id/tvStart"
- android:text="StartService" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btStop"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_below="@+id/btStart"
- android:text="StopService" />
- <TextView
- android:id="@+id/tvBind"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_below="@+id/btStop"
- android:text="Bind:" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btBind"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_below="@+id/tvBind"
- android:text="BindService" />
- <LinearLayout
- android:id="@+id/changeOne"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_below="@+id/btBind"
- android:orientation="horizontal" >
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btPrevious"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:text="上一首" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btNext"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:text="下一首" />
- </LinearLayout>
- <LinearLayout
- android:id="@+id/changeTwo"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_below="@+id/changeOne"
- android:orientation="horizontal" >
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btPlay"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:text="播放" />
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btPause"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_weight="1"
- android:text="暂停" />
- </LinearLayout>
- <Button
- android:id="@+id/btUnBind"
- android:layout_width="wrap_content"
- android:layout_height="wrap_content"
- android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
- android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
- android:layout_below="@+id/changeTwo"
- android:text="UnBindService" />
- </RelativeLayout>
2.新建myStartService.java页面继承Service,重写方法start方式启动时调用。
myStartService.java页面:
- package com.example.service;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class myStartService extends Service{
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
- Log.i("MainActivity","startService--onBind()");
- return null;
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- Log.i("MainActivity","startService--onCeate()");
- super.onCreate();
- }
- @Override
- public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
- Log.i("MainActivity","startService--onStartCommand()");
- return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
- }
- @Override
- public void onDestroy() {
- super.onDestroy();
- Log.i("MainActivity","startService--onDestroy()");
- }
- }
3.新建myBindService.java页面继承Service,重写方法,bind方式启动时调用。
myBindService.java页面:
- package com.example.service;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.content.ServiceConnection;
- import android.os.Binder;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.util.Log;
- public class myBindService extends Service{
- /*定义类继承Binder返回服务对象*/
- public class MyBinder extends Binder{
- public myBindService getService(){
- return myBindService.this;
- }
- }
- @Override
- public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
- Log.i("MainActivity","bindService--onBind()");
- return new MyBinder();//实例服务对象并返回
- }
- @Override
- public void onCreate() {
- super.onCreate();
- Log.i("MainActivity","bindService--onCeate()");
- }
- @Override
- public void unbindService(ServiceConnection conn) {
- super.unbindService(conn);
- Log.i("MainActivity","bindService--unbindService()");
- }
- @Override
- public void onDestroy() {
- super.onDestroy();
- Log.i("MainActivity","bindService--onDestroy()");
- }
- public void play(){
- Log.i("MainActivity","播放");
- }
- public void pause(){
- Log.i("MainActivity","暂停");
- }
- public void previous(){
- Log.i("MainActivity","上一首");
- }
- public void next(){
- Log.i("MainActivity","下一首");
- }
- }
4.对于新建的两个Service,都需要在AndroidManifest.xml页面进行注册。
AndroidManifest.xml页面:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- package="com.example.service"
- android:versionCode="1"
- android:versionName="1.0" >
- <uses-sdk
- android:minSdkVersion="17"
- android:targetSdkVersion="19" />
- <application
- android:allowBackup="true"
- android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
- android:label="@string/app_name"
- android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
- <activity
- android:name="com.example.service.MainActivity"
- android:label="@string/app_name" >
- <intent-filter>
- <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
- <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
- </intent-filter>
- </activity>
- <!-- 注册Service -->
- <service android:name="com.example.service.myStartService"></service>
- <service android:name="com.example.service.myBindService"></service>
- </application>
- </manifest>
5.MainActivity.java页面进行点击事件的绑定。
MainActivity.java页面:
- package com.example.service;
- import com.example.service.myBindService.MyBinder;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.IBinder;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.app.Service;
- import android.content.ComponentName;
- import android.content.Intent;
- import android.content.ServiceConnection;
- import android.view.Menu;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
- private Button btStart, btStop, btBind, btPrevious, btNext, btPlay,
- btPause, btUnBind;
- private Intent intentStart,intentBind;
- private myBindService service;
- /*得到服务对象*/
- private ServiceConnection conn=new ServiceConnection() {
- /*当启动源跟Service的连接意外丢失的时候会调用这个方法,比如当Service崩溃了或者被强行杀死了*/
- @Override
- public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
- }
- /*当启动源跟Service成功连接之后将会自动调用这个方法*/
- @Override
- public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder) {
- service=((MyBinder)binder).getService();//得到服务对象
- }
- };
- @Override
- protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- getId();
- bindClick();
- }
- private void getId() {
- btStart = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btStart);
- btStop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btStop);
- btBind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btBind);
- btPrevious = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btPrevious);
- btNext = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btNext);
- btPlay = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btPlay);
- btPause = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btPause);
- btUnBind = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btUnBind);
- }
- private void bindClick() {
- btStart.setOnClickListener(this);
- btStop.setOnClickListener(this);
- btBind.setOnClickListener(this);
- btPrevious.setOnClickListener(this);
- btNext.setOnClickListener(this);
- btPlay.setOnClickListener(this);
- btPause.setOnClickListener(this);
- btUnBind.setOnClickListener(this);
- }
- @Override
- public void onClick(View view) {
- switch (view.getId()) {
- case R.id.btStart:
- intentStart=new Intent(MainActivity.this,myStartService.class);
- startService(intentStart);
- break;
- case R.id.btStop:
- stopService(intentStart);
- break;
- case R.id.btPlay:
- service.play();
- break;
- case R.id.btPause:
- service.pause();
- break;
- case R.id.btPrevious:
- service.previous();
- break;
- case R.id.btNext:
- service.next();
- break;
- case R.id.btBind://绑定
- intentBind=new Intent(MainActivity.this,myBindService.class);
- //第一个参数为实例的intent对象,第二个参数为得到的服务对象
- bindService(intentBind, conn,Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
- break;
- case R.id.btUnBind://解绑,只可点击一次,并且如果想要结束启动源,必须解绑
- unbindService(conn);
- break;
- }
- }
- }
6.运行就显示目标效果了。