springcloud中的服务网关，gateway相关知识

作用：外部只能通过网关来对接口尽心访问，网关的作用有路由转发，异常处理，过滤拦截
下面就是对pom文件的解读

<dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--gateway依赖webflux，所以在这里需要导入webflux-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--eureka必须要依赖hystrix文件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--这是将gateway也作为了一个client端 所以才需要对其引入-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

其次是对application.yml文件的解读：

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true  #表示是否与register结合。设置为true，通过serviceId大写来进行转发
logging:
  level:  #表示日志级别
    org.springframework.cloud.gateway: trace
    org.springframework.http.server.reactive: debug
    org.springframework.web.reactive: debug
    reactor.ipc.netty: debug

eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone:  http://127.0.0.1:8082/eureka/

其次gateway的另外一个作用就是filter 其中它的服务拦截：具体代码如下：

/**
     * 方法是对token进行校验，如果没有token就返回鉴权失败
     * @param exchange
     * @param chain
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        String token = exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("token");
        if(StringUtils.isBlank(token)){
            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            Map<String,Object> message = new HashMap<>();
            message.put("status", -1);
            message.put("data", "鉴权失败");
            byte[] bytes = message.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(bytes);
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "text/json;charset=UTF-8");
            return response.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }