mycat分库分表具体操作

一、务理解：

​ 垂直切分
​ 业务维度

水平切分
数据维度

混合切分
业务+数据

2.定义
基于MySQL的数据库中间件，用来协调切分后的数据库，使其可以进行统一管理

逻辑库
数据库集群对外的统一访问入口

3.思路：
1.schema.xml
配置参数:逻辑库,逻辑表,数据节点,节点主机

2.rule.xml
3.server.xml

4.基础概念：
1.schema.xml 逻辑库,逻辑表,数据节点,节点主机
附注:balance=“0”---->不进行读写分离
writeHost------>代表是写服务器
writeType=“0”---->所有的写操作都发到第一个写服务器(从上到下，如果有服务器宕机,则往下追溯)
writeType=“1”---->随机分发，不按照顺序
dbDriver=“native”—>mysql和mycat高度兼容，如果是连接oracle就不能配置成native

案例：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	<schema name="dm_order"  checkSQLschema="true" sqlMaxLimit="100">
	   <table name="dm_order" primaryKey="id" autoIncrement="true" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3"
		rule="auto-sharding-rang-mod-order"/>
<dataNode name="dn1"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order1"/>
<dataNode name="dn2"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order2"/>
<dataNode name="dn3"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order3"/>
<dataHost  name="a"   maxCon="1000"  minCon="10"  balance="0"
	writeType="0"   dbType="mysql"
		dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
	<heartbeat>select 1</heartbeat>
	<writeHost host="hostM1"
		url="192.168.115.157:3306" user="root" password="123456">
	</writeHost>
</dataHost>

</mycat:schema>

2.rule.xml 分片规则
附注:

<!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	 <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod-order">
	<rule>
		<columns>id</columns>
		<algorithm>rang-mod-dm</algorithm>
	</rule>
</tableRule>

<function name="rang-mod-dm"  class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
	<property name="count">3</property>
</function>

</mycat:rule>

3.server.xml 连接mycat的用户信息(用户名,密码)

<user name="root">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">dm_order</property>
</user>

5.步骤：(需要准备三个文件，然后按照流程复制到指定的文件夹下即可，有一个前提就是Linux需要有mycat镜像)
一.准备三个xml文件
案例：
1.schema.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	<schema name="dm_order"  checkSQLschema="true" sqlMaxLimit="100">
	   <table name="dm_order" primaryKey="id" autoIncrement="true" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3"
		rule="auto-sharding-rang-mod-order"/>
	</schema>
	<dataNode name="dn1"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order1"/>
<dataNode name="dn2"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order2"/>
<dataNode name="dn3"   dataHost="a"  database="dm_order3"/>
<dataHost  name="a"   maxCon="1000"  minCon="10"  balance="0"
	writeType="0"   dbType="mysql"
		dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
	<heartbeat>select 1</heartbeat>
	<writeHost host="hostM1"
		url="192.168.115.158:3306" user="root" password="123456">
	</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

注意点：url=“192.168.115.158:3306” user=“root” password=“123456”>连接的是你的本地数据库或者是Linux数据库，所以IP地址、用户名、密码一定要正确。

2.rule.xml:

<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
	- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
	may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
	- - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
	distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
	WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
	License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
	under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:rule SYSTEM "rule.dtd">
<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	 <tableRule name="auto-sharding-rang-mod-order">
	<rule>
		<columns>id</columns>
		<algorithm>rang-mod-dm</algorithm>
	</rule>
</tableRule>
<function name="rang-mod-dm"  class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
	<property name="count">3</property>
</function>
</mycat:rule>

3.server.xml:
案例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
	- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
	may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
	- - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
	distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
	WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
	License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
	under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	<system>
	<property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
	<property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->

		<property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
	<!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
	<!-- 
	<property name="processors">1</property> 
	<property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
	 -->
		<!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena-->
		<property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
		<!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
		<!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
		<!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
		<!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
		<!--
			<property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
			<property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
			<property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
		<!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
		<property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
		
			<!--
			off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
		-->
		<property name="useOffHeapForMerge">1</property>

		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
		<property name="memoryPageSize">1m</property>

		<!--
			单位为k
		-->
		<property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

		<property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
		<property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


		<!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
		<property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>


	</system>
	
	<!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
	<!-- 
	<firewall> 
	   <whitehost>
	      <host host="127.0.0.1" user="mycat"/>
	      <host host="127.0.0.2" user="mycat"/>
	   </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
	</firewall>
	-->
	
	<user name="root">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">dm_order</property>
		
		<!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
		<!-- 		
		<privileges check="false">
			<schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
				<table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
				<table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
			</schema>
		</privileges>		
		 -->
	</user>

</mycat:server>

二、将三个配置文件用ftp的方式上传到linux的root目录下

​ 或者是直接通过xshell也是可以直接上传文件的。

​ 再或者可以通过Linux指令创建文件，然后往里边复制xml代码也是可以的。

三、打开shell,进入存放三个xml文件的目录 cd /root/xxx

(目的：将宿主机中的三个xml文件复制到mycat容器中的/usr/local/mycat/conf目录)
docker cp server.xml springcloudv20_mycat_1:/usr/local/mycat/conf
docker cp rule.xml springcloudv20_mycat_1:/usr/local/mycat/conf
docker cp schema.xml springcloudv20_mycat_1:/usr/local/mycat/conf

四、测试

1.重新启动mycat
2.连接mycat的逻辑库，端口号8066
3.连接mysql的实体库,端口号3306
4.使用sqlyog测试分库。