android7.0 打开附件

1.在清单文件中添加provider内容

<application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/logo"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">


        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.sinosoft.yndes.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>


        <activity
            android:name=".ui.MainActivity2"
            android:configChanges="keyboardHidden|orientation|screenSize"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar"></activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

2.在resource中新建xml文件夹，在xml文件夹中新建以下内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <root-path
        name="root"
        path="" />
    <files-path
        name="files"
        path="" />

    <cache-path
        name="cache"
        path="" />

    <external-path
        name="external"
        path="" />

    <external-files-path
        name="external_file_path"
        path="" />
    <external-cache-path
        name="external_cache_path"
        path="" />

</paths>

3.工具类
3.1 工具类1

/**
 * 作者 jiawei on 2017/7/21.
 */

public class FileProvider7 {


    public static Uri getUriForFile(Context context, File file) {
        Uri fileUri = null;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            fileUri = getUriForFile24(context, file);
        } else {
            fileUri = Uri.fromFile(file);
        }
        return fileUri;
    }

    public static Uri getUriForFile24(Context context, File file) {
        Uri fileUri = android.support.v4.content.FileProvider.getUriForFile(context,
                context.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider",
                file);
        return fileUri;
    }


    public static void setIntentDataAndType(Context context,
                                            Intent intent,
                                            String type,
                                            File file,
                                            boolean writeAble) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            intent.setDataAndType(getUriForFile(context, file), type);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
            if (writeAble) {
                intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
            }
        } else {
            intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), type);
        }
    }
}

3.2 工具类2

/**
 * 名称：AndroidFileUtil
 * <p>
 * 描述：打开文件工具类
 * <p>
 * 修改时间：2013-7-17 下午4:57:52
 *
 * @author lzt
 */
public class AndroidFileUtil {

    public static Intent openFile(String filePath, Uri fileUri) {

        System.out.println("打开的文件路径 : " + filePath);
        File file = new File(filePath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            return null;
        }
        /* 取得扩展名 */
        String fileName = file.getName();
        String end = fileName.substring(file.getName().lastIndexOf(".") + 1,
                file.getName().length()).toLowerCase();
        /* 依扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
        Intent intent = null;
        if (end.equals("jpg") || end.equals("gif") || end.equals("png")
                || end.equals("jpeg") || end.equals("bmp")) {
            intent = getImageFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("ppt")) {
            intent = getPptFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("xls") || end.equals("xlsx")||end.equals("xml")) {
//          intent = getExcelFileIntent(filePath);
            intent = getExcelFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("doc")) {
            intent = getWordFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("docx")) {
            intent = getWordFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("pdf")) {
            intent = getPdfFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("chm")) {
            intent = getChmFileIntent(filePath, fileUri);
        } else if (end.equals("txt")) {
            intent = getTextFileIntent(filePath, false, fileUri);
        }if (end.equals("mp4")) {
            intent = getMp4FileIntent(filePath,fileUri);
        }
        return intent;
    }



    // 播放音乐
    public static Intent openMusic(String filePath, Uri fileUri) {

        File file = new File(filePath);
        System.out.println("打开的文件路径 : " + filePath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            return null;
        }
        /* 取得扩展名 */
        String fileName = file.getName();
        String end = fileName.substring(file.getName().lastIndexOf(".") + 1,
                file.getName().length()).toLowerCase();
        /* 依扩展名的类型决定MimeType */
        Intent intent = null;
        intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(filePath));
        Uri uri = uriString(filePath, fileUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/*");
        return intent;
    }


    private static Intent getMp4FileIntent(String param,Uri filUri) {
        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "video/mp4");
        return intent;
    }

    public static Intent getImageFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开PPT文件的intent
    public static Intent getPptFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//      Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint");
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开Excel文件的intent
    public static Intent getExcelFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
//      Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
//      intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/vnd.ms-excel");
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开Word文件的intent
    public static Intent getWordFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//      Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/msword");
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开CHM文件的intent
    public static Intent getChmFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//        Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/x-chm");
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开文本文件的intent
    public static Intent getTextFileIntent(String param, boolean paramBoolean, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        if (paramBoolean) {
            Uri uri1 = Uri.parse(param);
            intent.setDataAndType(uri1, "text/plain");
        } else {
            Uri uri2 = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
//            Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
//            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
            intent.setDataAndType(uri2, "text/plain");
        }
        return intent;
    }

    // Android获取一个用于打开PDF文件的intent
    public static Intent getPdfFileIntent(String param, Uri filUri) {

        Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.VIEW");
        intent.addCategory("android.intent.category.DEFAULT");
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//      Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        Uri uri = uriString(param, filUri);
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
        intent.setDataAndType(uri, "application/pdf");
        return intent;
    }

    public static Uri uriString(String param, Uri filUri) {
        Uri uri;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            //data是file类型,忘了复制过来
            uri = filUri;
        } else {
            uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(param));
        }
        return uri;
    }

}

4.使用

String systemPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();
                        openFile = systemPath + "/" + "测试/" + finalattachmentName + "." + finalattachmentType;
                        File file1 = new File(openFile);
                        if (!file1.exists()) {
                            Toast.makeText(MaterialActivity.this, "文件不存在", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        } else {
                            Uri fileUri = FileProvider7.getUriForFile(MaterialActivity.this, file1);
                            Intent in = AndroidFileUtil.openFile(openFile + "", fileUri);
                            startActivity(in);
                        }