实验要求:
- R4为isp,其上只能配置ip地址,R4与其他直连设备间使用共有ip
2、R3----R5/R6/R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点
3、整个OSPF环境ip地址为172.16.0.0/16
4、所以设备均可访问R4的环回
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全
6、全网可达
实验内容:
- ip地址规划
共有6个网段,其中有5个ospf网段,1个RIP网段
公网网段
R3与R4之间:12.1.1.0/24
R5与r4之间:22.1.1.0/24
R6与R4之间:32.1.1.0/24
R7与r4之间:42.1.1.0/24
其中r4的环回为4.4.4.4/24
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/19 area0
172.16.0.0/25 点到点网段 172.16.0.0/30
172.16.0.128/25 MA网段 172.16.0.128/29
172.16.1.0/25----172.16.31.128/25 用户网段
172.16.32.0/19 a1
172.16.32.0/25 点到点网段 172.16.32.0/30
172.16.32.128/25 MA网段 172.16.32.128/29
172.16.33.0/25----172.16.63.128/25 用户网段
172.16.64.0/19 a2
172.16.64.0/25 点到点网段 172.16.64.0/30
172.16.64.128/25 MA网段 172.16.64.128/29
172.16.65.0/25----172.16.95.128/25 用户网段
172.16.96.0/19 a3
172.16.96.0/25 点到点网段 172.16.96.0/30
172.16.96.128/25 MA网段 172.16.96.128/29
172.16.97.0/25----172.16.127.128/25 用户网段
172.16.128.0/19 a4
172.16.128.0/25 点到点网段 172.16.128.0/30
172.16.128.128/25 MA网段 172.16.128.128/29
172.16.129.0/25----172.16.159.128/25 用户网段
172.16.160.0/19 rip 172.16.160.0/20 172.16.176.0/20
172.16.192.0/19
172.16.224.0/19
2.配置骨干area0的公网
[r3]interface g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r5]interface g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 22.1.1.1 24
[r6]interface g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 32.1.1.1 24
[r7]interface g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 42.1.1.1 24
给公网配置缺省:
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 22.1.1.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 32.1.1.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 42.1.1.2
此时已经做到能够ping通
3.私有网段:构建area0的MGRE
[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.129 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 12.1.1.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.130 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 12.1.1.1 register
[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.131 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 12.1.1.1 register
[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.132 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.129 12.1.1.1 register
测试,已经能够ping通
4.完成area0内其余环回配置:
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.1 25
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.129 25
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 25
5.area1的配置
环回:
[r1]interface LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.33.1 25
[r2]interface LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.33.129 25
[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 25
接口:
[r1]interface g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.129 29
[r2]interface g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.130 29
[r3]interface g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.32.131 29
测试
6.area2的配置
环回:
[r11]interface LoopBack 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.65.1 25
接口:
注意 此处为点到点
[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.64.1 30
[r11]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.2 30
[r11]interface g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.64.5 30
[r12]interface g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.64.6 30
7.Area3的配置
环回:
[r8]interface LoopBack 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.97.1 25
接口:
[r7]interface g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/01]ip add 172.16.96.1 30
[r8]interface g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.2 30
[r8interface g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.96.5 30
[r9]interface g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.96.6 30
8.Area4的配置
环回:
[r9]interface LoopBack 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.1 25
[r10]interface LoopBack 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.129.129 25
接口:
[r9]interface g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.128.1 30
[r10]interface g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.128.2 30
9.RIP的配置
环回:
[r12]interface LoopBack 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 20
[r12]interface LoopBack 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.176.1 20
10.配置OSPF
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.3.255
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.129 0.0.0.0
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.1.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.1 0.0.0.0
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.6 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1]area 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.1.255
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]area 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.6 0.0.0.0
Rip的宣告:
[r12-rip-1]version 2
[r12-rip-1]net
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
11.area0 MGRE的正常建立邻接关系
修改所以接口的工作方式:
[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
修改r5.r6.r7的优先级,干涉选举,让中心r3成为DR
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
此时查看R1路由表:
还缺少area4和rip部分的路由
所以下一步需要重发布
12.area4和rip的重发布
Rip:
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip
Area4:双进程重发布
在进程1中undo宣告,然后另启进程2,重新宣告
[r9]ospf
[r9-ospf-1]area 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.1.255
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]quit
[r9-ospf-1]quit
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.1.255
此时R9上:
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]quit
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
查看r1;已经有area4和rip了
R10:也学到了私网的所有路由
13.减少LSA的更新量
我们用R5来检验优化的结果:
区域汇总:减少骨干区域的LSA
Area1:
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
Area2:
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
Area3:
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
域外汇总:
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
结果:
我们会发现多了一条五类 R12的物理接口也被rip宣告了
在R5的路由表上:也会多了一条五类路由
调特殊区域:
减少非骨干区域的LSA
Area1:
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
此时r1上只保留了三类的缺省
此时已通
Area2:
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-s
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
此时R5上:已经可以正确得到路由条目 达到最佳优化
Area3:
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 此时区域优化已到极致
Area4:关闭进程2,让area4不学习上面的路由,只需要给r10一个缺省
[r9-ospf-1]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]undo import-route ospf 1
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
查看r10的路由表
此时用r1ping R10的环回:私网可达
并且数据库表已经优化到极致
14.要能访问到R4的环回 R3,R5,R6,R7 缺省前面已经配置,还需配置nat
Nat:
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]quit
[r3]interface g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r5]acl 2000
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]interface g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]interface g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]interface g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
此时已经可以访问R4的环回了
15.设置空接口 防环
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
还可以做接口间的认证
在此不做演示
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
end