MySQL5.7新特性之优化union all

 MySQL5.6中，使用union all相当于创建一张临时表，这在执行大的联合查询时候会增加I/O开销，降低查询速度。
 例如执行以下SQL语句：
 (select id from accessLog order by id) union all (select id from access_test order by id);
 在MySQL5.6环境：

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1. mysql> select version();
2. +------------+
3. | version() |
4. +------------+
5. | 5.6.14-log |
6. +------------+
7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
9. mysql> explain (select id from accessLog order by id) union all (select id from access_test order by id);
10. +----+--------------+-------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------+
11. | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
12. +----+--------------+-------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------+
13. | 1 | PRIMARY | accessLog | index | NULL | loginuserId | 9 | NULL | 535513 | Using index |
14. | 2 | UNION | access_test | index | NULL | idx_loginuid | 9 | NULL | 477248 | Using index |
15. | NULL | UNION RESULT | <union1,2> | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | Using temporary |
16. +----+--------------+-------------+-------+---------------+--------------+---------+------+--------+-----------------+

  可以看到执行计划中提现到了创建的临时表。
 在MySQL5.7环境：

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1. mysql> select version();
2. +------------+
3. | version() |
4. +------------+
5. | 5.7.18-log |
6. +------------+
7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
9. mysql> explain (select id from accessLog order by id) union all (select id from access_test order by id);
10. +----+-------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-------------+
11. | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
12. +----+-------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-------------+
13. | 1 | PRIMARY | accessLog | NULL | index | NULL | loginuserId | 9 | NULL | 586090 | 100.00 | Using index |
14. | 2 | UNION | access_test | NULL | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 571023 | 100.00 | NULL |
15. +----+-------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-------------+

  整个查询过程没有创建临时表，按照顺序，accessLog表的查询结果首先传输到客户端，然后access_test表的查询结果再传输到客户端。 注意：此项优化对union和在最外层用order by无效，如下：

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1. mysql> select version();
2. +------------+
3. | version() |
4. +------------+
5. | 5.7.18-log |
6. +------------+
7. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
9. mysql> explain (select id from accessLog order by id) union all (select id from access_test order by id) order by id;
10. +----+--------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+---------------------------------+
11. | id | select_type | table | partitions | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | filtered | Extra |
12. +----+--------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+---------------------------------+
13. | 1 | PRIMARY | accessLog | NULL | index | NULL | loginuserId | 9 | NULL | 586090 | 100.00 | Using index |
14. | 2 | UNION | access_test | NULL | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 571023 | 100.00 | NULL |
15. | NULL | UNION RESULT | <union1,2> | NULL | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | Using temporary; Using filesort |
16. +----+--------------+-------------+------------+-------+---------------+-------------+---------+------+--------+----------+---------------------------------+