Hibernate 5.3 Many-To-One 多对一 Demo例

这篇文章是我写的第二篇，写的不完美的地方 请各位前辈 指出！ 谢谢！  

此次发布一下 自己学习Many-TO-One 的过程，中途遇到几次错误，还好自己查资料等等，解决掉。

   Hibernate 版本 ： 5.3.7  

   Mysql 版本：8.0.13 

   jar包已上传，点击下载Hibernate+mysql jar包

   创建好Java项目，导入上面的jar包，配置了hibernate.cgf.xml 文件 ,第一个是create创建表，查询数据库中后，要修改成update.避免每次都创建。

<!-- ~ Hibernate, Relational Persistence for Idiomatic Java ~ ~ License: GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 or later. ~ See the lgpl.txt file in the root directory or <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-2.1.html>. -->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
 <session-factory> <!-- 数据库的链接 -->
 <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> 
 <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
  <property name="connection.username">root</property> 
  <property name="connection.password">数据库的密码</property> 
  <!--hibernate可选项 --> 
  <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
   <property name="format_sql">true</property> 
  <property name="show_sql">true</property>
 <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> 
<!--hbm文件 --> 

 <mapping resource="entity/Book_5_1.hbm.xml"/> 
 <mapping resource="entity/Publisher.hbm.xml"/> 
     <!-- 这是使用注解配置的方式,更换方式注意修改 mapping class or resource -->
     <!-- <mapping class="entity.Orders"></mapping> -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

 

在src下创建entity （实体类）包，并创建实体类Book5_1

package entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class Book_5_1 implements Serializable{
      //注意： 实体类 实现序列化接口

	private Long book_id;
	private String  isbn;
	private String name; 
	private Publisher publisher;
	private Date publisherDate;
	private Integer price;
	public Long getBook_id() {
		return book_id;
	}
	public void setBook_id(Long book_id) {
		this.book_id = book_id;
	}
	public String getIsbn() {
		return isbn;
	}
	public void setIsbn(String isbn) {
		this.isbn = isbn;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public Publisher getPublisher() {
		return publisher;
	}
	public void setPublisher(Publisher publisher) {
		this.publisher = publisher;
	}
	public Date getPublisherDate() {
		return publisherDate;
	}
	public void setPublisherDate(Date publisherDate) {
		this.publisherDate = publisherDate;
	}
	public Integer getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(Integer price) {
		this.price = price;
	}	
}

 创建实体类Publisher(出版社),书在这里是多，出版社是一，  书-->出版社 （多-->一）的关系

package entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Publisher  implements Serializable{

	private Long publisher_id;
	private String code;
	private String name;
	private String address;
	

	public Long getPublisher_id() {
		return publisher_id;
	}
	public void setPublisher_id(Long publisher_id) {
		this.publisher_id = publisher_id;
	}
	public String getCode() {
		return code;
	}
	public void setCode(String code) {
		this.code = code;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	
	
}

在这里我没有使用注解的方式，而是使用配置hbm.xml文件方式:

Book_5_1.hbm.xml文件：  因为多对一，书对出版社的关系，所以在书的配置文件中添加了<many-to-one>的标签

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2018-12-11 15:24:14 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="entity.Book_5_1" table="BOOK5">
        <id name="book_id" type="java.lang.Long">
            <column name="BOOK_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="isbn" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ISBN" />
        </property>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="publisherDate" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="PUBLISHERDATE" />
        </property>
        <property name="price" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="PRICE" />
        </property>
        
        <many-to-one name="publisher" class="entity.Publisher" column="publisher_id" >
        </many-to-one>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

配置Publisher.hbm.xml 文件，多对一关系， 出版社不用配置 many-to-one 的标签

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2018-12-11 15:24:14 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="entity.Publisher" table="PUBLISHER">
        <id name="publisher_id" type="java.lang.Long">
            <column name="PUBLISHER_ID" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="code" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="CODE" />
        </property>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="NAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>   
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

工具类(dao),创建dao包，在其下创建HibernateUtil类：

package dao;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.MetadataSources;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;

public class HibernateUtil {

	  private static SessionFactory  sessionFactory;
	  static {
		  //sessionfactory 消耗资源，所以放入代码块中加载一次  让配置文件加载一次
		  ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
				  .configure().build(); 
		  sessionFactory = new MetadataSources( serviceRegistry )
				  .buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory(); 
	  }
	  
       //得到当前的session
	  public static Session getCurrentSession() {
		  
		 Session  session = sessionFactory.openSession();
			 return session;
	  }
	  

       //关闭session
	  public static void closeSession(Session session)
	  {
		  if(session !=null)
		  {
			  session.close();
		  }
	  }
}

创建BOOK的工具类：

package dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import entity.Book_5_1;

public class BookDao {
 
	public void addBook(Book_5_1 book)
	{
          //得到当前session并提交，增加一本书
		  Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		  Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
		  session.save(book);
		  transaction.commit();
		  HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
	}
	
//根据Id找到书
	public Book_5_1 findById(long id)
	{
		Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		Book_5_1 book=(Book_5_1)session.get(Book_5_1.class, id);
		//System.out.println(book.getPublisher().getName());
		HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		return book;
	}
	
//获取全部书
	public List<Book_5_1> getAllBook(){
		Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		List<Book_5_1>  books=session.createQuery("from Book_5_1").list();
		return books;
	}
}

 

创建PublisherDao 类

package dao;

import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import entity.Publisher;

public class PublisherDao {

	public void addPublisher(Publisher publisher)
	{
		 Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		 Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
		 session.persist(publisher);
		 transaction.commit();
		 HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
	}
	
	public Publisher findById(long id) {
		Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		Publisher publisher=(Publisher)session.load(Publisher.class,id );
		HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);
		return publisher;
		
	}
}

Test (测试类:)

        Session session=HibernateUtil.getCurrentSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		
       //添加了一条出版社的记录
		Publisher publisher = new Publisher();
		publisher.setName("人民出版社");
		publisher.setAddress("中关村南大街");
		publisher.setCode("0001");
		session.save(publisher);
		session.getTransaction().commit();  
		HibernateUtil.closeSession(session);

控制台输出：

无错误，仔细看出现了create table ，然后在insert into，先创建在插入记录。回去看到hibernate 的配置文件发现还是create，没修改update，so 每次都先创建.

<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property> 

数据库查询生成记录，有了出版社，书绑定出版社。接着在test中

Book_5_1 book=new Book_5_1();
		book.setIsbn("xx");
		book.setName("java");
		book.setPrice(50);
		book.setPublisherDate(new Date());
		
		PublisherDao pd=new PublisherDao();
		 publisher=pd.findById(1);
		book.setPublisher(publisher);  //设置关联关系书和出版社的关联
		
		BookDao bd=new BookDao();
		bd.addBook(book);

运行，一切正常：

查询数据库OK！！