Java中的线程池

线程池是Java中一种重要的多线程结构,可以有效控制线程的并发数量和复用,避免频繁创建和销毁线程造成系统资源浪费。

如何得到线程对象

1.使用ExecutorService的实现类ThreadPoolExecutor自创建一个线程池对象

// 处理Runnable任务
public class MyThread extends Thread {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"输出666~");
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,5,8, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(4), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
        Thread target = new MyThread();
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);
        pool.execute(target);//拒绝执行该线程

    }
}

// 处理Callable任务
package XianchengChi;

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;

public class CallableAndFuturetask implements Callable<String>{
    private int n;
    public CallableAndFuturetask(int n){
        this.n =n;
    }

    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception{
        int sum = 0;
        for(int i =1;i<=n;i++){
            sum+=i;
        }
        return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"求出的和是"+sum;
    }

}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService pool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(3,5,8, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
                new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(4), Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        Future<String> f1 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(100));
        Future<String> f2 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(200));
        Future<String> f3 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(300));
        Future<String> f4 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(400));

        System.out.println(f1.get());
        System.out.println(f2.get());
        System.out.println(f3.get());
        System.out.println(f4.get());

    }
}

 新任务拒绝策略

2.使用Executors(线池的工具类)调用方法返不同特点的线程池对象 

 

public class CallableAndFuturetask implements Callable<String>{
    private int n;
    public CallableAndFuturetask(int n){
        this.n =n;
    }

    @Override
    public String call() throws Exception{
        int sum = 0;
        for(int i =1;i<=n;i++){
            sum+=i;
        }
        return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"求出的和是"+sum;
    }

}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
        Future<String> f1 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(100));
        Future<String> f2 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(200));
        Future<String> f3 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(300));
        Future<String> f4 = pool.submit(new CallableAndFuturetask(400));

        System.out.println(f1.get());
        System.out.println(f2.get());
        System.out.println(f3.get());
        System.out.println(f4.get());

    }
}

 不推荐使用Executors创建线程池。尽量通过ThreadPoolExecutor的方式创建，这样可规避资源耗尽的风险