想做一个图片相似度比较的程序,网上也找了好多资料,基本都是哈希算法,或者就是opencv直方图比较(灰度图),准确度不高,在opencv官网有看到一个直方图比较图片相似度的,但是是C++写的,本来想用java直接模仿它的来写,可是有些函数没有。所以我就像使用JNI,让android程序直接调用C++。
网上也找了很多关于android studio 配置opencv JNI的,都是老版本的。
下面是我找资料和摸索出来的方法。适用android studio3.4,低版本就不知道了。
准备:
下载opencv sdk https://opencv.org/releases/ 我下载的是3.4.5
android studio下载相关sdk tool:LLDB(我也不确定是不是一定要) NDK CMake
1.新建包含C++支持的项目
和老的android studio版本不一样,这里开始就直接选择 Native C++
输入项目名,下一步
选择C++11
创建完成,结构如图
现在项目已经可以运行了,android studio已经帮你把JNI都配置好了。只能用C++标准库。下面在看怎么配置opencv
2.拷贝opencv所需要的库和头文件
把opencv sdk下的OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/jni/include文件夹拷贝到你的项目中src/main/cpp下面。
把opencv sdk下的OpenCV-android-sdk/sdk/native/libs/arm64-v8a文件夹拷贝到你的项目中src/main/jniLibs下面。
jniLibs文件夹要自己新建,根据不同平台拷贝相应的libs文件,也可以全部拷。
3.配置CMake文件
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include) 把你拷贝的opencv头文件include进来。
add_library(libopencv_java3 SHARED IMPORTED )
add_library
函数设置库名和类型,其中libopencv_java3
是用户自定义的变量名,前后保持一致即可,SHARE
表示引入的库是动态链接库
set_target_properties
设置了OpenCV的动态链接库的路径,就是你拷贝到项目中jniLibs的路径。
target_link_libraries中再添加我们的opencv库定义的libopencv_java3
# For more information about using CMake with Android Studio, read the
# documentation: https://d.android.com/studio/projects/add-native-code.html
# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native library.
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
# 设置include文件夹的地址
include_directories(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
# 设置opencv的动态库
add_library(libopencv_java3 SHARED IMPORTED )
set_target_properties(libopencv_java3 PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
"/home/aaron/AndroidStudioProjects/OpencvDemoJNI/app/src/main/jniLibs/${ANDROID_ABI}/libopencv_java3.so")
#省略系统代码。。。。
target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
native-lib
libopencv_java3
# Links the target library to the log library
# included in the NDK.
${log-lib})
4. 编写C++代码 --------native-lib.cpp
Java_com_example_opencvdemojni_MainActivity_stringFromJNI 系统自己生成的
jstring2str这个方法是把jstring转成string。
Java_com_example_opencvdemojni_MainActivity_compareHist 输入2个图片的路径,然后比较相似度,第三个参数是表示用哪种算法计算。
模仿官网的方法https://docs.opencv.org/2.4/doc/tutorials/imgproc/histograms/histogram_comparison/histogram_comparison.html?highlight=comparehist
#include <jni.h>
#include <string>
#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
extern "C" JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL
Java_com_example_opencvdemojni_MainActivity_stringFromJNI(
JNIEnv *env,
jobject /* this */) {
std::string hello = "Hello from C++";
return env->NewStringUTF(hello.c_str());
}
std::string jstring2str(JNIEnv *env, jstring jstr) {
char *rtn = NULL;
jclass clsstring = env->FindClass("java/lang/String");
jstring strencode = env->NewStringUTF("GB2312");
jmethodID mid = env->GetMethodID(clsstring, "getBytes", "(Ljava/lang/String;)[B");
jbyteArray barr = (jbyteArray) env->CallObjectMethod(jstr, mid, strencode);
jsize alen = env->GetArrayLength(barr);
jbyte *ba = env->GetByteArrayElements(barr, JNI_FALSE);
if (alen > 0) {
rtn = (char *) malloc(alen + 1);
memcpy(rtn, ba, alen);
rtn[alen] = 0;
}
env->ReleaseByteArrayElements(barr, ba, 0);
std::string stemp(rtn);
free(rtn);
return stemp;
}
extern "C" JNIEXPORT jfloat JNICALL
Java_com_example_opencvdemojni_MainActivity_compareHist(
JNIEnv *env,
jobject /* this */, jstring src, jstring test, jint compare_method) {
Mat src_base, hsv_base;
Mat src_test, hsv_test;
src_base = imread(jstring2str(env, src), 1);
src_test = imread(jstring2str(env, test), 1);
cvtColor(src_base, hsv_base, COLOR_BGR2HSV, 0);
cvtColor(src_test, hsv_test, COLOR_BGR2HSV, 0);
/// Using 50 bins for hue and 60 for saturation
int h_bins = 50;
int s_bins = 60;
int histSize[] = {h_bins, s_bins};
// hue varies from 0 to 179, saturation from 0 to 255
float h_ranges[] = {0, 180};
float s_ranges[] = {0, 256};
const float *ranges[] = {h_ranges, s_ranges};
// Use the o-th and 1-st channels
int channels[] = {0, 1};
MatND hist_base;
MatND hist_test;
/// Calculate the histograms for the HSV images
calcHist(&hsv_base, 1, channels, Mat(), hist_base, 2, histSize, ranges, true, false);
normalize(hist_base, hist_base, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
calcHist(&hsv_test, 1, channels, Mat(), hist_test, 2, histSize, ranges, true, false);
normalize(hist_test, hist_test, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX, -1, Mat());
switch (compare_method) {
case 0:
//Correlation
compare_method = CV_COMP_CORREL;
break;
case 1:
//Chi-Square
compare_method = CV_COMP_CHISQR;
break;
case 2:
//Intersection
compare_method = CV_COMP_INTERSECT;
break;
case 3:
//Bhattacharyya distance
compare_method = CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA;
break;
default:
compare_method = CV_COMP_CHISQR;
}
double result = compareHist(hist_base, hist_test, compare_method);
return result;
}
5.声明接口和使用
在MainActivity中声明你的方法
compareHist
然后就可以使用了。参数要传图片路径。
package com.example.opencvdemojni;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
// Used to load the 'native-lib' library on application startup.
static {
System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// Example of a call to a native method
TextView tv = findViewById(R.id.sample_text);
tv.setText(stringFromJNI());
}
/**
* A native method that is implemented by the 'native-lib' native library,
* which is packaged with this application.
*/
public native String stringFromJNI();
private native float compareHist(String src,String test,int method);
}
记得要加权限,
WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
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Demo地址:
https://download.csdn.net/download/aaron121314/11244589
截图