系统：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4
数据库：Oracle 10.2.0.5.0 Patch Set 4
主机：10dg1 192.168.1.91
10dg2192.168.1.92
内存：1G
虚拟机：VBox 4.2.14
一，操作系统部分(略)
可以参考我之前写的博客 http://blog.csdn.net/aaron8219/article/details/38239065
二，数据库部分
*****主库配置*****
1. 开启归档，force logging
SQL> archive log list
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select log_mode,force_logging from v$database;
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 3
Current log sequence 3
2. 在线修改DG所需参数
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(zlm,zlmdg)' scope=both;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zlm' scope=both;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=zlm10gdg LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zlmdg' scope=both;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE scope=both;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=both;
SQL> alter system set FAL_SERVER=zlmdg scope=both;
SQL> alter system set FAL_CLIENT=zlm scope=both;
SQL> alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO' scope=both;
这里只做2个说明：
①. SERVICE对应的是NET SERVICE NAME，而不是tnsnames.ora中配置的SERVICE NAME
②. 由于db_unique_name无法在线修改，如果生产库之前就设置过这个参数，通常会和db_name一致，那么最好了，可以直接使用它，这样就不用停库，我这里假设原来的db_unique_name设置过，并且就是和db_name一样的zlm，
可以说，这是零停机窗口搭建DG环境的必要条件
mkdir /u01/rman_bak
run{
allocate channel c1 device type disk;
allocate channel c2 device type disk;
backup incremental level=0 database format '/u01/rman_bak/full_lev0_%d_%I_%T_%U.bak' tag 'full_level_0'include current controlfile for standby;
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
查看刚才备份后生成的文件
[oracle@10dg1 u01]$ cd rman_bak/
[oracle@10dg1 rman_bak]$ ll
total 608976
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 383500288 Jul 30 13:22 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_04pemmkd_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 232873984 Jul 30 13:22 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_05pemmkd_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7110656 Jul 30 13:23 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_06pemmlq_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 98304 Jul 30 13:23 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_07pemmlr_1_1.bak
4. 复制初始化参数initSID.ora和备份集到备库$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initzlm.ora 10dg2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
scp /u01/rman_bak/*.bak 10dg2:/u01/rman_bak --注意必须先在备库主机上创建/u01/rman_bak目录
5. 复制tnsnames.ora和listener.ora到备库$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
这里贴一下我主库这2个文件的配置，推荐直接修改成备库的内容以后再复制，tnsnames.ora可以不用修改
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ZLM10G =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.91)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zlm_SN)
)
)
ZLM10GDG =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.92)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = zlm_SN1)
)
)
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = zlm_SN)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = zlm)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.91)(PORT = 1521))
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
)
)
还记得怎么区分GLOBAL_DBNAME，SID_NAME，SERVICE_NAME，NET SERVICE NAME这些概念吗？请参考我的另一篇博客 http://blog.csdn.net/aaron8219/article/details/38267145
-------------------------------------------------分割线 -----------------------------------------------------
*****备库配置*****
1. 创建初始化参数中必要的目录
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump -p
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/cdump -p
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/udump -p
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm -p
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area -p
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup nomount
SQL> exit
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ ls -lrt /u01/rman_bak
total 608976
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 383500288 Jul 30 13:39 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_04pemmkd_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 232873984 Jul 30 13:40 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_05pemmkd_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7110656 Jul 30 13:40 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_06pemmlq_1_1.bak
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 98304 Jul 30 13:40 full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_07pemmlr_1_1.bak
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ rman target /
2. 依次用rman恢复备库控制文件，数据文件
Starting restore at 30-JUL-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/control01.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/control02.ctl
output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/control03.ctl
Finished restore at 30-JUL-14
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 30-JUL-14
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 30-JUL-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 30-JUL-14
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 30-JUL-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 30-JUL-14
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/undotbs01.dbf
restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/sysaux01.dbf
restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/rman_bak/full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_05pemmkd_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/rman_bak/full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_05pemmkd_1_1.bak tag=FULL_LEVEL_0
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/system01.dbf
restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/rman_bak/full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_04pemmkd_1_1.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/rman_bak/full_lev0_ZLM_3930348306_20140730_04pemmkd_1_1.bak tag=FULL_LEVEL_0
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished restore at 30-JUL-14
RMAN>
--检查是否恢复完成
[oracle@10dg2 zlm]$ ll
total 865540
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 13:52 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 13:52 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 13:52 control03.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jul 30 13:47 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Jul 30 13:47 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 461381632 Jul 30 13:47 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Jul 30 13:47 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Jul 30 13:47 users01.dbf
--查看备库归档情况(此时和主库一致，因为刚从主库恢复过来)
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 3
Current log sequence 3
3. 启动监听
--主库
[oracle@10dg1 ~]$ lsnrctl start...
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.91)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "zlm_SN" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "zlm", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
--备库
[oracle@10dg2 ~]$ lsnrctl start
...Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.92)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "zlm_SN1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "zlm", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
4. 调整备库的参数(基本就是主库参反过来设置)
db_unique_name='ZLMDG'
fal_client='ZLMDG'fal_server='ZLM'
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zlmdg'
log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=zlm10g LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=zlm'
5. 查看归档路径状态
--主库
SQL> set lin 120 pages 120
SQL> col dest_name for a20SQL> col destination for a15
SQL> col error for a40
SQL> select dest_id,dest_name,destination,status,error from v$archive_dest_status;
DEST_ID DEST_NAME DESTINATION STATUS ERROR
---------- -------------------- --------------- --------- ----------------------------------------
1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 VALID
2 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 zlm10gdg ERROR ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
3 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3 INACTIVE
4 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4 INACTIVE
5 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_5 INACTIVE
6 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_6 INACTIVE
7 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_7 INACTIVE
8 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_8 INACTIVE
9 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_9 INACTIVE
10 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 INACTIVE
10 rows selected.
注意，DESTINATION写的一定是tnsnames.ora中开头的那个大写名称，即NET SERVICE NAME(ZLM10GDG)
--备库
SQL> col dest_name for a20
SQL> col destination for a15
SQL> col error for a40
SQL> select dest_id,dest_name,destination,status,error from v$archive_dest_status;
DEST_ID DEST_NAME DESTINATION STATUS ERROR
---------- -------------------- --------------- --------- ----------
1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 VALID
2 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 zlm10g VALID
3 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3 INACTIVE
4 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4 INACTIVE
5 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_5 INACTIVE
6 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_6 INACTIVE
7 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_7 INACTIVE
8 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_8 INACTIVE
9 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_9 INACTIVE
10 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 INACTIVE
11 STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST VALID
11 rows selected.
--备库远程归档正常，主库报一个权限不足，于是考虑重新复制主库密码到备库
SQL> !scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwzlm 10dg2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
oracle@10dg2's password:orapwzlm 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00
--主库tnsping一下备库
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 30-JUL-2014 14:50:45
Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.92)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = zlm_SN1)))
OK (0 msec)
--备库tnsping一下主库
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 30-JUL-2014 14:50:56
Copyright (c) 1997, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.91)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = zlm_SN)))
OK (10 msec)
--再次查看主库归档路径状态
DEST_ID DEST_NAME DESTINATION STATUS ERROR
---------- -------------------- --------------- --------- ----------------------------------------
1 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 VALID
2 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 zlm10gdg VALID
3 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_3 INACTIVE
4 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_4 INACTIVE
5 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_5 INACTIVE
6 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_6 INACTIVE
7 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_7 INACTIVE
8 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_8 INACTIVE
9 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_9 INACTIVE
10 LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 INACTIVE
10 rows selected.
主库远程归档路径正常了，切记备库开始应用redo log前，先查看这个条件是否满足
6. 主备库创建standby redo logfile(如果只采用arch方式归档，这步可以省略，推荐用lgwr方式)
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std05.redo') size 100m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std06.redo') size 100m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std07.redo') size 100m;
主库创建的时候没问题，备库创建到第2个文件的时候报错
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std05.redo') size 100m;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std05.redo') size 100m
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-19502: write error on file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std05.redo", blockno 198657 (blocksize=512)
ORA-27072: File I/O error
Linux-x86_64 Error: 9: Bad file descriptor --错误的描述符
Additional information: 4
Additional information: 198657
Additional information: 790016
开始还以为是磁盘有损坏，原来是可用空间不够了，初始只给了15G，想想装个10g足够了，Oracle软件和patch的安装文件用完后没及时删除，占用掉不少空间
--再次查看一下是否生成了standby redo logfile
total 1275164
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Jul 30 13:47 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jul 30 13:47 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Jul 30 13:47 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Jul 30 13:47 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 461381632 Jul 30 13:47 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:07 std04.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std05.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std06.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std07.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:25 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:25 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:25 control03.ctl
7. 备库开始redo apply
Media recovery complete.
--查看备库数据文件目录，发现并未生成redo01.log,redo02.log,redo03.log这3个文件
total 1275164
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:07 std04.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std05.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std06.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std07.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 461381632 Jul 30 15:27 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Jul 30 15:27 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Jul 30 15:27 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Jul 30 15:27 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jul 30 15:27 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:27 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:27 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:27 control03.ctl
--查看备库alertlog，提示无法得到文件状态，找不到该文件
Wed Jul 30 15:27:18 CST 2014
Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (zlm)
MRP0 started with pid=19, OS id=16199
Wed Jul 30 15:27:18 CST 2014
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (zlm)
Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time Apply
parallel recovery started with 2 processes
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived...
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log
Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 1
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-19527: physical standby redo log must be renamed
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete --虽然提示complete，但并未成功，也就是说，没有生成相应文件
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 3
Wed Jul 30 15:27:24 CST 2014
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session
在之前的文章中提到过 http://blog.csdn.net/aaron8219/article/details/37902793，对于10g，需要要设置一个参数，那就是log_file_name_convert，哪怕主备库的路径完全一样，而且由于这个参数无法在线修改，必须重启数据库才能生效，也就是要停库。由于创建过standby redo logfile，还是可以应用日志的，对DG配置没有影响，之后又做了个测试，发现主库和备库做一次正常的switchover并重新open后，会自动生成和原主库一致的3个online redo logfile，即redo01.log,redo02.log,redo03.log，既然备库switchover成主库后，可以正常生成online redo logfile，那么就可以考虑不设置log_file_name_convert参数了，但前提必须是主备库的路径确实是一致的，否则这个参数还是不能少
通过查看备库switchover成主库以后跟踪到的日志得到这一结论
Thu Jul 31 12:58:42 CST 2014
alter database commit to switchover to primary
Thu Jul 31 12:58:42 CST 2014
ALTER DATABASE SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY (zlm)
Thu Jul 31 12:58:42 CST 2014
If media recovery active, switchover will wait 900 seconds
SwitchOver after complete recovery through change 492782
Thu Jul 31 12:58:42 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/udump/zlm_ora_4548.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thu Jul 31 12:58:43 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/udump/zlm_ora_4548.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo02.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Thu Jul 31 12:58:44 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/udump/zlm_ora_4548.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 3 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 3 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo03.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Standby became primary SCN: 492780
Converting standby mount to primary mount.
Thu Jul 31 12:58:46 CST 2014
Switchover: Complete - Database mounted as primary (zlm)
Thu Jul 31 12:58:46 CST 2014
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Thu Jul 31 12:58:46 CST 2014
Completed: alter database commit to switchover to primary
Thu Jul 31 12:58:46 CST 2014
ARC2: Archival started
ARC1: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC2 started with pid=18, OS id=4703
Thu Jul 31 12:59:24 CST 2014
ARC0: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
Thu Jul 31 13:01:03 CST 2014
alter database open
Thu Jul 31 13:01:03 CST 2014
Assigning activation ID 3930494507 (0xea46962b)
LNS1 started with pid=19, OS id=4724
Thu Jul 31 13:01:06 CST 2014
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 14 (thread open)
Thu Jul 31 13:01:06 CST 2014
******************************************************************
LGWR: Setting 'active' archival for destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
******************************************************************
Thu Jul 31 13:01:06 CST 2014
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 14
Current log# 2 seq# 14 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo02.log
Successful open of redo thread 1
注意看这3个online redo logfile生成的时间，即修改时间，由于当前使用的是redo02.log，随着时间的推移，redo02.log的最后修改时间会不断地增加，直到切换到其他日志文件上
SQL> !ls -lrt /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm
total 1428848
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Jul 31 10:56 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Jul 31 13:01 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Jul 31 13:01 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Jul 31 13:01 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jul 31 13:01 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 31 13:01 std04.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 31 13:01 std05.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 31 13:01 std06.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 31 13:01 std07.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Jul 31 13:12 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 461381632 Jul 31 13:12 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Jul 31 13:13 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Jul 31 13:13 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 31 13:13 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 31 13:13 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 31 13:13 control03.ctl
可以看到，reod02.log的最后修改时间变成13:13了
--备库初始状态
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 3
--主库初始状态
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 1
Next log sequence to archive 3
Current log sequence 3
--主库切换3次日志
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
--备库归档日志状态
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 4
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 6
--查看日志应用情况
SEQUENCE# APP
---------- ---
3 YES
4 YES
5 YES
--备库停止redo apply
--主库再切2次归档后查看归档
System altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> archive log list
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 7
Next log sequence to archive 9
Current log sequence 9
--此时可以看到，备库接收到了2个新切的归档7,8，但未应用
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 7
Next log sequence to archive 0
Current log sequence 9
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# APP
---------- ---
3 YES
4 YES
5 YES
6 YES
7 NO
8 NO
--备库再启用redo apply，这次不使用using crrent logfile
--跟踪备库的alertlog日志
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER managed standby database cancel
Wed Jul 30 15:47:03 CST 2014
MRP0: Background Media Recovery cancelled with status 16037
Wed Jul 30 15:47:03 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-16037: user requested cancel of managed recovery operation
Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
Recovery interrupted!
Recovered data files to a consistent state at change 465658
Wed Jul 30 15:47:04 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16199.trc:
ORA-16037: user requested cancel of managed recovery operation
Wed Jul 30 15:47:04 CST 2014
MRP0: Background Media Recovery process shutdown (zlm)
Wed Jul 30 15:47:04 CST 2014
Managed Standby Recovery Canceled (zlm)
Wed Jul 30 15:47:04 CST 2014
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER managed standby database cancel
Wed Jul 30 15:47:13 CST 2014
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[2]: Successfully opened standby log 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std04.redo'
Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode
RFS[2]: Successfully opened standby log 5: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/std05.redo'
Wed Jul 30 15:47:42 CST 2014
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER managed standby database disconnect from session
Wed Jul 30 15:47:42 CST 2014
Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (zlm)
MRP0 started with pid=19, OS id=16248
Wed Jul 30 15:47:42 CST 2014
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (zlm)
Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply
parallel recovery started with 2 processes
Wed Jul 30 15:47:47 CST 2014
Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived...
Wed Jul 30 15:47:47 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16248.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Wed Jul 30 15:47:47 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16248.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log
Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 7
Wed Jul 30 15:47:47 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16248.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Wed Jul 30 15:47:47 CST 2014
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/zlm/bdump/zlm_mrp0_16248.trc:
ORA-19527: physical standby redo log must be renamed
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm/redo01.log'
Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete
Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ZLMDG/archivelog/2014_07_30/o1_mf_1_7_9xk8r16v_.arc
Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ZLMDG/archivelog/2014_07_30/o1_mf_1_8_9xk8r1jc_.arc
Wed Jul 30 15:47:48 CST 2014
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER managed standby database disconnect from session
Wed Jul 30 15:47:48 CST 2014
Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 9 (in transit)
发现online redo logfile还是无法获取，仍然会提示standby redo log需要重命名，但是去可以成功地应用刚才剩下的2个归档7,8
SQL> select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;
SEQUENCE# APP
---------- ---
3 YES
4 YES
5 YES
6 YES
7 YES
8 YES
6 rows selected.
查看一下数据文件存放的目录，的确依旧没有生成我么所期待的online redo logfile(redo01.log,redo02.log,redo03.log)
SQL> !ls -lrt /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlm
total 1275164
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std06.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:25 std07.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:47 std04.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 31465472 Jul 30 15:47 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 461381632 Jul 30 15:47 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Jul 30 15:47 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Jul 30 15:47 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jul 30 15:47 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 104858112 Jul 30 15:56 std05.redo
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:56 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:56 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Jul 30 15:56 control03.ctl
关闭主库，添加log_file_name_convert参数后，这样的DG才算是完整的配置
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