1.先谈一下浅复制和深复制,浅复制只会为基本类型新开辟空间,对应于引用类型没进行复制,大概意思就是复制对象和被复制对象的引用是同一个,两个对象修改它们的引用对象属性值会相互影响,那么深复制就是clone时会为引用对象开辟内存,会为新对象指向新的引用
2.浅复制实现
1)被clone的对象要实现Cloneable接口,否则会抛CloneNotSupportedException异常
2)重写clone方法,并将访问权限改为public,,不然外界访问不了
3.测试代码
public class Student implements Cloneable{
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Teacher teacher;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
}
public class Teacher {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
public class MyClassTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.setName("teacher1");
teacher.setAge(20);
Student student1 = new Student();
student1.setTeacher(teacher);
Student student2 = null;
try {
student2 = (Student)student1.clone();
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
student2.getTeacher().setName("teacher2");
student2.getTeacher().setAge(25);
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
}
}
运行测试代码可以看到修改student2的teacher属性值,student1的teacher属性被改变,这就是浅复制
下面介绍深复制:(两种方法实现)
第一种方法
1.首先被引用类也需要实现Cloneable接口,重写clone方法
2.外围类重写clone方法,显示的调用引用的clone方法
public class Student implements Cloneable{
@Override
public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
Student s = (Student) super.clone();
s.teacher = (Teacher)teacher.clone();
return s;
}
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Teacher teacher;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
}
public class Teacher implements Cloneable {
@Override
protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return super.clone();
}
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
第二种方法:序列化方式
主要是为了避免重写比较复杂对象的深复制的clone()方法,也可以程序实现断点续传等等功能
写在流里的是对象的一个拷贝,而原对象仍然存在于JVM里面
在Java语言里深复制一个对象,常常可以先使对象实现Serializable接口,然后把对象(实际上只是对象的一个拷贝)写到一个流里,再从流里读出来重建对象。
这样做的前提是对象以及对象内部所有引用到的对象都要实现Serializable接口,否则,就需要仔细考察那些不可串行化的对象或属性可否设成transient,从而将之排除在复制过程之外
public class Teacher implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
public class Student implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Teacher teacher;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public Student deepClone() throws IOException,ClassNotFoundException{//将对象写到流里
ByteArrayOutputStream baos=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutputStream oos=new ObjectOutputStream(baos);
oos.writeObject(this);//从流里读出来
InputStream si=new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
ObjectInputStream oi=new ObjectInputStream(si);
return (Student)oi.readObject();
}
}
public class MyClassTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
teacher.setName("teacher1");
teacher.setAge(20);
Student student1 = new Student();
student1.setTeacher(teacher);
Student student2 = null;
try {
student2 = student1.deepClone();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
student2.getTeacher().setName("teacher2");
student2.getTeacher().setAge(25);
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());
System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getAge());
}
}