shell第二次作业

1．编写脚本for1.sh,使用for循环创建20账户，账户名前缀由用户从键盘输入，账户初始密码由用户输入。

首先创建for1.sh文件，接着用read命令使输入要创建的账户的前缀和密码，之后用for循环来创建账户，并用if语句判断账户是否存在，最后判断创建成功后，给账户设置密码。

[root@server ~]# vim for1.sh


#!/bin/bash

read -p "请输入账户前缀:" prefix

read -p "请输入用户的账户密码:" passwd

for ((i=1;i<=20;i++))
do      
        user=$prefix$1
        if id $user &> /dev/null
        then    
                echo "$user账户存在"
        else    
                useradd $user
                if [ $? -eq 0]
                then    
                        echo "$passwd" | passwd --stdin  $user &> /dev/nukl
                        exit
                fi      
        fi      
done    

2．编写脚本for2.sh,使用for循环,通过ping命令测试网段的主机连通性，IP前3段由用户输入，将可以ping通的主机IP地址写入到/tmp/host_up.txt文件中，不能ping通的主机IP地址写入到:/tmp/host_down.txt文件中。

[root@server ~]# vim for2.sh


#!/bin/bash

read -p "请输入网段：" ip

for((i=125;i<135;i++))
do      
        IP="$ip"."$i"
        echo "$IP"
        if ping -c 2 $IP &> /dev/null
        then    
                echo "$IP is up" >> /tmp/host_up.txt
        else    
                echo "$IP is down" >> /tmp/host_down.txt
        fi      
done    
echo "up is :"
cat /tmp/host_up.txt

echo "down is :"
cat /tmp/host_down.txt

3．使用for循环实现批量主机root密码的修改

先创建存ip的文件

[root@server ~]# vim ip.txt

192.168.132.129
192.168.132.130

再在server端建立公私钥匙对并把公钥上传到其他机子，就可以实现免密登录

[root@server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:OhcuDVSjwfsXNtyyg/G9FzpupwMCsKV595QfjAFch5I root@server
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|     ...++...    |
|    . o+E.o.     |
|     *o. o *     |
|    +.+ o X +    |
|     ..+SB B .   |
|       =+.B o .  |
|      + +o o o . |
|       +    * o  |
|           oo*   |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.132.129

最后编写脚本即可

[root@server ~]# vimfor3.sh

#!/bin/bash


read -p "请输入要改的密码：" ps

for i in `cat ip.txt`
do      
        ssh $i "echo "$ps" | passwd --stdin root"
done