urllib URL功能 Post Handler

from urllib import request


#获取request.urlopen获取网页源码
#with 很多对象使用之后，需要执行一条或者多条语句来关闭 释放操作，例如文件操作数据库链接
#锁的获取等，这些操作会让代码显得累赘，也会造成异常跳出，没有执行到这些收尾操作#
#会导致一些系统的异常，为了避免这些错误大生产，with语句作用是可以让程序员不用写这些收尾的代码（finally的作用）

with request.urlopen('https://api.douban.com/v2/book/2129640') as f:
    #f.read 的 内容 data指向
    data = f.read()

    #打印出f.states HTTP状态(200,403,404) f.reason(OK)
    print('Status:', f.status, f.reason)

    #header信息 循环print出来 k,v
    for k, v in f.getheaders():
        print('%s: %s' % (k, v))

    #网页源码decode
    print('Data:', data.decode('utf-8'))

#模拟浏览器发送GET请求，使用Request对象，Request对象添加HTTP头，把请求伪装成浏览器

#模拟iphone 6 去请求豆瓣首页

req=request.Request('http://www.douban.com')
req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25')
with request.urlopen(req) as f:
    print('Status:',f.status,f.reason)
    for k,v in f.getheaders():
        print('%s:%s',(k,v))
    print('Data:', f.read().decode('utf-8'))

from urllib import request, parse



#POST
#POST发送一个请求，只需要把参数data以bytes传入

#模拟一个微博登录，先是要读取登录的邮箱和口笼，然后按照weibo.cn登录页的格式
#以username=xxx&password=xxx

print('Login to weibo.com..')

#email=input('Email:')
#password = input('password')

email='xxx@qq.com'
password = 'xxxxxxxx'

login_data = parse.urlencode([
    ('username',email),
    ('password',password),
    ('entry','mweibo'),
    ('client_id',''),
    ('savestate','1'),
    ('ec',''),
    ('pagerefer', 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/welcome?entry=mweibo&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F')

])

req = request.Request('https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login')
req.add_header('Origin','https://passport.weibo.cn')
req.add_header('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25')
req.add_header('Referer', 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F')


with request.urlopen(req,data=login_data.encode('utf-8')) as f:
    print('Status:',f.status,f.reason)
    for k,v in f.getheaders():
        print('%s:%s',(k,v))
    print('Data:',f.read().decode('utf-8'))

proxy_handler = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http': 'http://www.example.com:3128/'})
proxy_auth_handler = urllib.request.ProxyBasicAuthHandler()
proxy_auth_handler.add_password('realm', 'host', 'username', 'password')
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_handler, proxy_auth_handler)
with opener.open('http://www.example.com/login.html') as f:
    pass