工作中需要使用离线地图。
使用工具:MapBox离线地图+python获取瓦片数据
前端页面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Display a map on a webpage</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
<link href="https://api.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/v2.8.2/mapbox-gl.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://api.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/v2.8.2/mapbox-gl.js"></script>
<style>
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
#map {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
bottom: 0;
width: 100%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="map"></div>
<script>
var vectorTileBackgroundLayer = {
"version": 8,
"sources": {
"raster-tile": {
"type": "raster",
"tiles": ["http://10.1.10.109/tiandituImgLabel/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"],
"tileSize": 256
}
},
"layers": [
{
"id": "simple-tiles",
"type": "raster",
"source": "raster-tile",
"minzoom": 6,
"maxzoom": 22
}
]
};
mapboxgl.accessToken = '您的钥匙';
const map = new mapboxgl.Map({
container: 'map', // container ID
style: vectorTileBackgroundLayer,
center: [118.1517713497023, 39.63166152545793], // 初始坐标系
zoom: 11, // starting zoom 地图初始的拉伸比例
pitch: 0, //地图的角度,不写默认是0,取值是0-60度,一般在3D中使用
bearing: 0, //地图的初始方向,值是北的逆时针度数,默认是0,即是正北
antialias: true, //抗锯齿,通过false关闭提升性能
minZoom: 11,
maxZoom: 18,
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
其中 tiles 的网络指向就是下载的地图瓦片图片数据网站:必须是网站要不就没有办法访问图片。
网站样子如下:
下地图瓦片图片的工具用的python代码如下:
from urllib import request
import re
import urllib.request
import os
import random
import math
agents = [
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/60.0.3112.101 Safari/537.36',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/4.0.249.0 Safari/532.5',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.310.0 Safari/532.9',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/7.0.514.0 Safari/534.7',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/9.0.601.0 Safari/534.14',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.601.0 Safari/534.14',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/11.0.672.2 Safari/534.20',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/534.27 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/12.0.712.0 Safari/534.27',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/13.0.782.24 Safari/535.1']
def deg2num(lat_deg, lon_deg, zoom):
lat_rad = math.radians(lat_deg)
n = 2.0 ** zoom
xtile = int((lon_deg + 180.0) / 360.0 * n)
ytile = int((1.0 - math.log(math.tan(lat_rad) + (1 / math.cos(lat_rad))) / math.pi) / 2.0 * n)
return (xtile, ytile)
def getimg(Tpath, Spath, x, y):
try:
f = open(Spath, 'wb')
req = urllib.request.Request(Tpath)
req.add_header('User-Agent', random.choice(agents)) # �������������ͷ
pic = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=60)
f.write(pic.read())
f.close()
print(str(x) + '_' + str(y) + 'ok')
except Exception:
print(str(x) + '_' + str(y) + 'error')
#getimg(Tpath, Spath, x, y)
zoom = 16
lefttop = deg2num(39.7486, 118.0085, zoom)
rightbottom = deg2num(39.4910, 118.3808, zoom)
print(rightbottom)
print(lefttop)
print(str(lefttop[0]))
print(str(rightbottom[0]))
print(str(lefttop[1]))
print(str(rightbottom[1]))
print("all" + str(lefttop[0] - rightbottom[0]))
print("all" + str(lefttop[1] - rightbottom[1]))
rootDir = "D:\\GetMapTile\\tiandituImgLabel\\"
for x in range(lefttop[0], rightbottom[0]):
for y in range(lefttop[1], rightbottom[1]):
tilepath = 'https://a.tile.openstreetmap.org/'+str(zoom)+'/'+str(x)+'/'+str(y)+'.png';
print(tilepath)
path = rootDir + str(zoom) + "\\" + str(x)
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.makedirs(path)
getimg(tilepath, os.path.join(path, str(y) + ".png"), x, y)
print('all ok')
总结:前端用的MapboxGL加载地图瓦片,需要使用钥匙,这里不使用钥匙会有各种的问题,建议还是使用钥匙。数据使用python抓取openstreetmap中的地图瓦片。