arm 2410 写入数据发生诡异错位问题

硬件环境 arm s3c2410a-20  
交叉编译环境
CT_BINUTILS_VERSION=2.19.1   
CT_KERNEL_VERSION=2.6.29.4
CT_LIBC_VERSION=2.9
[DEBUG] CT_ARCH_TARGET_CFLAGS=' -mlittle-endian -march=armv4t -mcpu=arm9tdmi -mtune=arm920t -msoft-float'
[DEBUG] CT_ARCH_TARGET_LDFLAGS=' -EL'
[DEBUG] CT_ARCH_TUNE=arm920t
gcc-4.3.2

 

出现问题的代码如下

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1. int main(int argc, char *argv[])
2. {
3.     U8 testBuf[100]= {0};
4.     //memset( testBuf,0,100 );
5.     U16 *len = (U16*)testBuf;
6.     U8 *ver = testBuf+2;
7.     U8 *msgType = testBuf+3;
8.     U8 *flag = testBuf+4;
9.     U32 *data = (U32*)(testBuf+5);
11.     *len = 4;
12.     *ver = 1;
13.     *msgType = 2;
14.     *flag = 3;
15.     
16.     int dataLen(0);
17.     bool reVal = true;
18.     //for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
19.     //{
20.         *data = 0xFFFFFFFF;
21.     //}
23.     return 0;
24. }

 

GDB调试日志如下

 

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1. Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1, argv=0xbec05db4) at test.cpp:5
2. 5 U8 testBuf[100]= {0};
3. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0xd8, 0xd0, 0x2, 0x40, 0xb0, 0xda, 0xf9, 0xe, 0xd8,
4. 0xee, 0x2, 0x40, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x1, 0x40, 0x50, 0xe5, 0x1, 0x40, 0x6c, 0xbd,
5. 0x1c, 0x40, 0xc0, 0xd7, 0x1, 0x40, 0x0, 0x50}
6. 7 U16 *len = (U16*)testBuf;
7. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
8. 8 U8 *ver = testBuf+2;
9. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
10. 9 U8 *msgType = testBuf+3;
11. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
12. 10 U8 *flag = testBuf+4;
13. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
14. 11 U32 *data = (U32*)(testBuf+5);
15. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
16. 13 *len = 4;
17. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x0 <repeats 30 times>}
18. 14 *ver = 1;
19. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0 <repeats 29 times>}
20. 15 *msgType = 2;
21. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x0 <repeats 27 times>}
22. 16 *flag = 3;
23. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x0 <repeats 26 times>}
24. 18 int dataLen(0);
25. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x0 <repeats 25 times>}
26. 19 bool reVal = true;
27. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x0 <repeats 25 times>}
28. 22 *data = 0xFFFFFFFF;
29. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0x3, 0x0 <repeats 25 times>}
30. 25 return 0;
31. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2,[color=#FF0000] 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, [/color]
32. 0x0 <repeats 22 times>}
33. 26 }
34. 1: /x *testBuf @ 30 = {0x4, 0x0, 0x1, 0x2, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
35. 0x0 <repeats 22 times>}
36. 0x401d5004 in __libc_start_main () from /lib/libc.so.6
37. Single stepping until exit from function __libc_start_main,
38. which has no line number information.
40. Program exited normally.

问题是 为什么U32 *data = (U32*)(testBuf+5);的数值会把U8 *flag = testBuf+4;的数值3覆盖掉 此代码在x86下运行正常

 

问题出在ARM 架构CPU的内存对齐问题上面

arm架构CPU为了性能上的考虑，会对目标数据长度的整数倍取整对齐(有人说四字节)，所以不应该用U32 *data指针直接存储数据，由于是非专业ARM程序员再加上项目紧迫，没有深究其原因。

在GCC编译的时候加上  -Wcast-align 参数既可以发出内存对齐问题的警告

后来编写了模板方法应对此问题。

 

 

 

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1. template<typename T>
2. static void lfb(T* val,const void * const pBuf)
3. {
4.     memcpy((U8 *)val,(U8 *)pBuf,sizeof(T));
5. }
7. template<typename T>
8. static void stb(T *val,const void *pBuf)
9. {
10.     memcpy((U8 *)pBuf,(U8 *)val,sizeof(T));
11. }

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/JamesChen1988/archive/2012/05/03/2480539.html