ffmpeg decode_video demo

前言

本文的代码参考ffmpeg 的官方提供的demo，结合decode_video和demuxing_decoding2个例子，将一个本地的视频文件解码成非压缩的视频文件(官方提供的例子是将每一帧存为一个文件)，并可以使用ffplay进行播放(参考代码的说明进行播放)

代码

 /**
  * @file
  * video decoding with libavcodec API example
  *
  * @example decode_video.c
  */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
#include <libavutil/samplefmt.h>
#include <libavutil/timestamp.h>
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>

#define INBUF_SIZE 4096

static FILE* outfile = NULL;
static size_t width = 0, height = 0;
static enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmt;
static uint8_t* video_dst_data[4] = { NULL };
static int      video_dst_linesize[4];
static int video_dst_bufsize;
static int set_dec_flag = 0;

static int output_video_frame(AVFrame* frame)
{
	if (frame->width != width || frame->height != height ||
		frame->format != pix_fmt) 
	{
		/* To handle this change, one could call av_image_alloc again and
		 * decode the following frames into another rawvideo file.
		 为了处理这一变化，可以再次调用av_image_alloc，并将以下帧解码为另一个rawvideo文件。
		 */
		fprintf(stderr, "Error: Width, height and pixel format have to be "
			"constant in a rawvideo file, but the width, height or "
			"pixel format of the input video changed:\n"
			"old: width = %d, height = %d, format = %s\n"
			"new: width = %d, height = %d, format = %s\n",
			width, height, av_get_pix_fmt_name(pix_fmt),
			frame->width, frame->height,
			av_get_pix_fmt_name(frame->format));
		return -1;
	}
	av_image_copy(video_dst_data, video_dst_linesize,
		(const uint8_t**)(frame->data), frame->linesize,
		pix_fmt, width, height);
	/* write to rawvideo file 写到原始的视频文件中 */
	fwrite(video_dst_data[0], 1, video_dst_bufsize, outfile);
	return 0;
}

static int decode(AVCodecContext* dec_ctx, AVFrame* frame, AVPacket* pkt,
	const char* filename)
{
	char buf[1024];
	int ret;
	ret = avcodec_send_packet(dec_ctx, pkt);
	if (ret < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Error sending a packet for decoding\n");
		return - 1;
	}
	if (set_dec_flag == 0)
	{
		width = dec_ctx->width;//
		height = dec_ctx->height;//
		pix_fmt = dec_ctx->pix_fmt;
		if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)//数据无效，直接退出
		{
			return -1;
		}
		ret = av_image_alloc(video_dst_data, video_dst_linesize,
			width, height, pix_fmt, 1);
		if (ret < 0) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate raw video buffer\n");
			return -1;
		}
		video_dst_bufsize = ret;
		set_dec_flag = 1;
	}
	
	while (ret >= 0) {
		ret = avcodec_receive_frame(dec_ctx, frame);
		if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)//需要读取更多数据
			return 0;
		else if (ret < 0) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error during decoding\n");
			return -1;
		}
		
		fflush(stdout);
		return output_video_frame(frame);
	}
}

/// <summary>
///  将视频文件解码成非压缩的视频文件，filename文件的类型需要为参数codec_id类型的视频文件，否则无法进行解码（如果是复合文件，请参考demuxing_decoding的例子）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="codec_id[in]">要解码的视频类型</param>
/// <param name="filename[in]">要解码的文件</param>
/// <param name="outfilename[in]">输出文件</param>
/// <returns></returns>
int decode_video(enum AVCodecID codec_id, char const* filename, char const* outfilename)
{
	const AVCodec* codec = NULL;
	AVCodecParserContext* parser = NULL;
	AVCodecContext* c = NULL;
	FILE* f = NULL;
	AVFrame* frame = NULL;
	uint8_t inbuf[INBUF_SIZE + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE];
	uint8_t* data;
	size_t   data_size;
	int ret;
	AVPacket* pkt = NULL;

	pkt = av_packet_alloc();
	if (!pkt)exit(1);
	/* set end of buffer to 0 (this ensures that no overreading happens for damaged MPEG streams)
	*  设置缓冲区的末尾为0（这确保了损坏的MPEG流不会发生过度读取）
	*/
	memset(inbuf + INBUF_SIZE, 0, AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);

	/* find the codec decoder */
	codec = avcodec_find_decoder(codec_id);
	if (!codec) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Codec not found\n");
		goto end;
	}

	parser = av_parser_init(codec->id);
	if (!parser) {
		fprintf(stderr, "parser not found\n");
		goto end;
	}

	c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
	if (!c) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video codec context\n");
		goto end;
	}

	/* For some codecs, such as msmpeg4 and mpeg4, width and height
	   MUST be initialized there because this information is not
	   available in the bitstream. */

	   /* open it */
	if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec\n");
		goto end;
	}

	f = fopen(filename, "rb");
	if (!f) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open %s\n", filename);
		goto end;
	}
	outfile = fopen(outfilename, "wb+");
	if (!outfile) {
		fprintf(stderr, "could not open %s\n", outfilename);
		goto end;
	}
	frame = av_frame_alloc();
	if (!frame) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate video frame\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	while (!feof(f)) {
		/* read raw data from the input file */
		data_size = fread(inbuf, 1, INBUF_SIZE, f);
		if (!data_size)
			break;

		/* use the parser to split the data into frames */
		data = inbuf;
		while (data_size > 0) {
			ret = av_parser_parse2(parser, c, &pkt->data, &pkt->size,
				data, data_size, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, AV_NOPTS_VALUE, 0);
			if (ret < 0) {
				fprintf(stderr, "Error while parsing\n");
				exit(1);
			}
			data += ret;
			data_size -= ret;

			if (pkt->size)//要以形成一个包过后，才能去解析，可能要经过多次解析才可以构成一个包
			{
				if (decode(c, frame, pkt, outfilename) == -1)//解析失败，直接返回
					goto end;
			}	 	
		}
	}

	/* flush the decoder */
	decode(c, frame, NULL, outfilename);

	printf("Play the output video file with the command\nffplay -f rawvideo -pix_fmt %s -video_size %zux%zu %s\n", av_get_pix_fmt_name(pix_fmt), width, height, outfilename);

end:
	if(pkt != NULL)av_packet_free(&pkt);
	if(f != NULL) fclose(f);
	if(outfile != NULL) fclose(outfile);
	if(parser != NULL) av_parser_close(parser);
	if(c != NULL) avcodec_free_context(&c);
	if(frame) av_frame_free(&frame);
	if(video_dst_data[0]!= NULL) av_freep(&video_dst_data[0]);
	return 0;
}

调用

decode_video(AV_CODEC_ID_H264, "test.h264", "test_h264_data2");